Angular刷新当前页面的几种方法

默认,当收到导航到当前URL的请求,Angular路由器会忽略。

Heroes

重复点击同一链接页面不会刷新。

从Angular 5.1起提供onSameUrlNavigation属性,支持重新加载路由。

@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes, {onSameUrlNavigation: 'reload'})],
  exports: [RouterModule]
})

onSameUrlNavigation有两个可选值:'reload'和'ignore',默认为'ignore'。但仅将onSameUrlNavigation改为'reload',只会触发RouterEvent事件,页面是不会重新加载的,还需配合其它方法。在继续之前,我们启用Router Trace,从浏览器控制台查看一下路由事件日志:

@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes, {onSameUrlNavigation: 'reload', enableTracing: true})],
  exports: [RouterModule]
})

可以看到,未配置onSameUrlNavigation时,再次点击同一链接不会输出日志,配置onSameUrlNavigation为'reload'后,会输出日志,其中包含的事件有:NavigationStart、RoutesRecognized、GuardsCheckStart、GuardsCheckEnd、ActivationEnd、NavigationEnd等。

下面介绍刷新当前页面的几种方法:

NavigationEnd

  1. 配置onSameUrlNavigation为'reload'
  2. 监听NavigationEnd事件

订阅Router Event,在NavigationEnd中重新加载数据,销毁组件时取消订阅:

export class HeroesComponent implements OnDestroy {
  heroes: Hero[];
  navigationSubscription;

  constructor(private heroService: HeroService, private router: Router) {
    this.navigationSubscription = this.router.events.subscribe((event: any) => {
      if (event instanceof NavigationEnd) {
        this.init();
      }
    });
  }

  init() {
    this.getHeroes();
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    if (this.navigationSubscription) {
      this.navigationSubscription.unsubscribe();
    }
  }
  ...
}

这种方式可按需配置要刷新的页面,但代码烦琐。

RouteReuseStrategy

  1. 配置onSameUrlNavigation为'reload'
  2. 自定义RouteReuseStrategy,不重用Route

有两种实现方式:
在代码中更改策略:

constructor(private heroService: HeroService, private router: Router) {
  this.router.routeReuseStrategy.shouldReuseRoute = function () {
    return false;
  };
}

Angular应用Router为单例对象,因此使用这种方式,在一个组件中更改策略后会影响其他组件,但从浏览器刷新页面后Router会重新初始化,容易造成混乱,不推荐使用。

自定义RouteReuseStrategy:

import {ActivatedRouteSnapshot, DetachedRouteHandle, RouteReuseStrategy} from '@angular/router';

export class CustomReuseStrategy implements RouteReuseStrategy {

  shouldDetach(route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot): boolean {
    return false;
  }

  store(route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot, handle: DetachedRouteHandle | null): void {
  }

  shouldAttach(route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot): boolean {
    return false;
  }

  retrieve(route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot): DetachedRouteHandle | null {
    return null;
  }

  shouldReuseRoute(future: ActivatedRouteSnapshot, curr: ActivatedRouteSnapshot): boolean {
    return false;
  }

}

使用自定义RouteReuseStrategy:

@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes, {onSameUrlNavigation: 'reload'})],
  exports: [RouterModule],
  providers: [
    {provide: RouteReuseStrategy, useClass: CustomReuseStrategy}
  ]
})

这种方式可以实现较为复杂的Route重用策略。

Resolve

使用Resolve可以预先从服务器上获取数据,这样在路由激活前数据已准备好。

  1. 实现ResolverService

将组件中的初始化代码转移到Resolve中:

import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
import {ActivatedRouteSnapshot, Resolve, RouterStateSnapshot} from '@angular/router';
import {Observable} from 'rxjs';

import {HeroService} from '../hero.service';
import {Hero} from '../hero';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root',
})
export class HeroesResolverService implements Resolve {
  constructor(private heroService: HeroService) {
  }

  resolve(route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot, state: RouterStateSnapshot): Observable | Observable {
    return this.heroService.getHeroes();
  }
}

为路由配置resolve:

path: 'heroes', component: HeroesComponent, canActivate: [CanActivateAuthGuard], resolve: {heroes: HeroesResolverService}
  1. 修改组件代码,改为从resolve中获取数据
constructor(private heroService: HeroService, private route: ActivatedRoute) {
}

ngOnInit() {
  this.route.data.subscribe((data: { heroes: Hero[] }) => {
    this.heroes = data.heroes;
  });
}
  1. 配置onSameUrlNavigation为'reload'
  2. 配置runGuardsAndResolvers为‘always’

runGuardsAndResolvers可选值:'paramsChange' 、'paramsOrQueryParamsChange'、'always'

{path: 'heroes', component: HeroesComponent, canActivate: [CanActivateAuthGuard], resolve: {heroes: HeroesResolverService}, runGuardsAndResolvers: 'always'}

时间戳

给Router增加时间参数:

Heroes
constructor(private router: Router) {
}

gotoHeroes() {
  this.router.navigate(['/heroes'], {
    queryParams: {refresh: new Date().getTime()}
  });
}

然后在组件中订阅queryParamMap:

constructor(private heroService: HeroService, private route: ActivatedRoute) {
  this.route.queryParamMap.subscribe(params => {
    if (params.get('refresh')) {
      this.init();
    }
  });
}

2018广州马拉松

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/7308310/2335107

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