当编写应用程序时,经常性需要花费大量的时间与精力处理业务逻辑,往往业务逻辑的变化需要重构或者增加大量代码,对开发测试人员很不友好。
之前在这篇文章说过,可以使用脚本引擎来将我们需要经常变化的代码进行动态编译执行,自由度非常大,不过对应的需要资源也多。如果只是针对非常具体业务逻辑的变化,可以尝试使用RulesEngine对程序进行操作。
下文使用了官方示例且部分内容翻译自说明文档
简介
RulesEngine是微软推出的规则引擎,规则引擎在很多企业开发中有所应用,是处理经常变动需求的一种优雅的方法。个人任务,规则引擎适用于以下的一些场景:
- 输入输出类型数量比较固定,但是执行逻辑经常变化;
- switch条件经常变化,复杂switch语句的替代;
- 会变动的,具有多种条件或者规则的业务逻辑;
- 规则自由度不要求特别高的场景。(这种情况建议使用脚本引擎)
RulesEngine的规则使用JSON进行存储,通过lambda表达式方式表述规则(Rules)。
安装很方便,直接使用nuget进行安装:
install-pacakge RulesEngine
规则定义
需要有Rules,有WorkflowName,然后还有一些属性。
[ { "WorkflowName": "Discount", "Rules": [ { "RuleName": "GiveDiscount10", "SuccessEvent": "10", "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.", "ErrorType": "Error", "RuleExpressionType": "LambdaExpression", "Expression": "input1.country == \"india\" AND input1.loyalityFactor <= 2 AND input1.totalPurchasesToDate >= 5000 AND input2.totalOrders > 2 AND input3.noOfVisitsPerMonth > 2" } ] } ]
除了标准的RuleExpressionType,还可以通过定义Rules嵌套多个条件,下面是Or逻辑。
{ "RuleName": "GiveDiscount30NestedOrExample", "SuccessEvent": "30", "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.", "ErrorType": "Error", "Operator": "OrElse", "Rules":[ { "RuleName": "IsLoyalAndHasGoodSpend", "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.", "ErrorType": "Error", "RuleExpressionType": "LambdaExpression", "Expression": "input1.loyalityFactor > 3 AND input1.totalPurchasesToDate >= 50000 AND input1.totalPurchasesToDate <= 100000" }, { "RuleName": "OrHasHighNumberOfTotalOrders", "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.", "ErrorType": "Error", "RuleExpressionType": "LambdaExpression", "Expression": "input2.totalOrders > 15" } ] }
示例
可以从官方的代码库中下载示例,定义了上述规则,就可以直接开始用了。示例描述了这么一个应用场景:
根据不同的客户属性,提供不同的折扣。由于销售的情况变化较快,提供折扣的规则也需要经常变动。因此比较适用于规则引擎。
public void Run() { Console.WriteLine($"Running {nameof(BasicDemo)}...."); //创建输入 var basicInfo = "{\"name\": \"hello\",\"email\": \"[email protected]\",\"creditHistory\": \"good\",\"country\": \"canada\",\"loyalityFactor\": 3,\"totalPurchasesToDate\": 10000}"; var orderInfo = "{\"totalOrders\": 5,\"recurringItems\": 2}"; var telemetryInfo = "{\"noOfVisitsPerMonth\": 10,\"percentageOfBuyingToVisit\": 15}"; var converter = new ExpandoObjectConverter(); dynamic input1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(basicInfo, converter); dynamic input2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject (orderInfo, converter); dynamic input3 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject (telemetryInfo, converter); var inputs = new dynamic[] { input1, input2, input3 }; //加载规则 var files = Directory.GetFiles(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "Discount.json", SearchOption.AllDirectories); if (files == null || files.Length == 0) throw new Exception("Rules not found."); var fileData = File.ReadAllText(files[0]); var workflowRules = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject >(fileData); //初始化规则引擎 var bre = new RulesEngine.RulesEngine(workflowRules.ToArray(), null); string discountOffered = "No discount offered."; //执行规则 List
resultList = bre.ExecuteAllRulesAsync("Discount", inputs).Result; //处理结果 resultList.OnSuccess((eventName) => { discountOffered = $"Discount offered is {eventName} % over MRP."; }); resultList.OnFail(() => { discountOffered = "The user is not eligible for any discount."; }); Console.WriteLine(discountOffered); }
输入
输入一般来说是IEnumerable
var nestedInput = new { SimpleProp = "simpleProp", NestedProp = new { SimpleProp = "nestedSimpleProp", ListProp = new List{ new ListItem { Id = 1, Value = "first" }, new ListItem { Id = 2, Value = "second" } } } };
命名空间
和脚本引擎一样,默认规则引擎只能访问System的命名空间。如果需要使用到稍微复杂一些的类型,可以自己定义类型或者函数。比如定义一个这样的函数:
public static class Utils { public static bool CheckContains(string check, string valList) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(check) || String.IsNullOrEmpty(valList)) return false; var list = valList.Split(',').ToList(); return list.Contains(check); } }
需要使用的时候,先将类传递给RulesEngine:
var reSettingsWithCustomTypes = new ReSettings { CustomTypes = new Type[] { typeof(Utils) } }; var engine = new RulesEngine.RulesEngine(workflowRules.ToArray(), null, reSettingsWithCustomTypes);
然后就可以直接在表达式中使用了。
"Expression": "Utils.CheckContains(input1.country, \"india,usa,canada,France\") == true"
规则参数
默认情况下,规则的输入使用的是类似input1 input2这样的形式,如果想直观一点,可以使用RuleParameter来进行封装具体的参数类型。
RuleParameter ruleParameter = new RuleParameter("NIP", nestedInput); var resultList = bre.ExecuteAllRulesAsync(workflow.WorkflowName, ruleParameter).Result;
本地变量
如果表达式比较复杂的情况下,可以使用本地变量来进行分段处理,这对调试来说会比较方便。
本地变量的关键字为localParams,可以将中间的内容简单理解成var name = expression
{ "name": "allow_access_if_all_mandatory_trainings_are_done_or_access_isSecure", "errorMessage": "Please complete all your training(s) to get access to this content or access it from a secure domain/location.", "errorType": "Error", "localParams": [ { "name": "completedSecurityTrainings", "expression": "MasterSecurityComplainceTrainings.Where(Status.Equals(\"Completed\", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))" }, { "name": "completedProjectTrainings", "expression": "MasterProjectComplainceTrainings.Where(Status.Equals(\"Completed\", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))" }, { "name": "isRequestAccessSecured", "expression": "UserRequestDetails.Location.Country == \"India\" ? ((UserRequestDetails.Location.City == \"Bangalore\" && UserRequestDetails.Domain=\"xxxx\")? true : false):false" } ], "expression": "(completedSecurityTrainings.Any() && completedProjectTrainings.Any()) || isRequestAccessSecured " }
总结
使用规则引擎,可以将经常变动的业务逻辑独立摘出来,为我们编写动态、可拓展的程序提供了很大的便利。RulesEngine这个东西提供的API也比较简洁,上手非常简单。
到此这篇关于C规则引擎RulesEngine的具体使用的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关C规则引擎RulesEngine内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!