10g RAC环境下的备份与恢复(四)

 上一讲介绍了rac环境下，当归档日志存储在本地文件系统时的备份与恢复操作，比较麻烦的是需要同步rac各个节点的归档日志，这无疑给备份和恢复操作增加了难度和需要的时间，因而本节中介绍使用多路归档的方式来尽量避免这个问题！

一：配置多路归档

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/123456@racdb as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Thu Dec 22 19:08:45 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> archive log list; Database log mode              Archive Mode Automatic archival             Enabled Archive destination            /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog Oldest online log sequence     62 Next log sequence to archive   63 Current log sequence           63 SQL> conn sys/123456@racdb2 as sysdba Connected. SQL> archive log list; Database log mode              Archive Mode Automatic archival             Enabled Archive destination            /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog Oldest online log sequence     62 Next log sequence to archive   63 Current log sequence           63 [oracle@rac2 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog/ [oracle@rac2 ~]$ ssh rac1 mkdir /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/ SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=racdb2' sid='racdb1'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=racdb1' sid='racdb2'; System altered. SQL> alter system set standby_archive_dest='/u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog' sid='racdb1'; System altered. SQL> alter system set standby_archive_dest='/u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog' sid='racdb2'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_local_first=false; System altered. SQL> alter system set  log_archive_max_processes=3; System altered. SQL> alter system archive log current; System altered. [root@rac1 ~]#  ls /u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog/ 1_94_769205632.dbf [root@rac1 ~]#  ls /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/ 2_63_769205632.dbf [root@rac2 ~]# ls /u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog/ 1_94_769205632.dbf [root@rac2 ~]# ls /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/ 2_63_769205632.dbf

 

二：备份数据库和归档日志，需要分配通道，否则会失败

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ rman target sys/123456@racdb Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Thu Dec 22 19:15:16 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved. connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=766822397) RMAN> backup archivelog all; Starting backup at 2011-12-22 19:15:22 current log archived using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=124 instance=racdb1 devtype=DISK RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of backup command at 12/22/2011 19:15:33 RMAN-06059: expected archived log not found, lost of archived log compromises recoverability ORA-19625: error identifying file /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/2_66_769205632.dbf ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 RMAN> run { 2> allocate channel c1 device type disk connect sys/123456@racdb1; 3> allocate channel c2 device type disk connect sys/123456@racdb2; 4> backup incremental level 0 5> tag 'inr0_fullbak_20111222' 6> database plus archivelog delete all input; 7> release channel c1; 8> release channel c2; 9> } RMAN> list backup of database summary; List of Backups =============== Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time     #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag ------- -- -- - ----------- ------------------- ------- ------- ---------- --- 50      B  0  A DISK        2011-12-22 19:19:39 1       1       NO         INR0_FULLBAK_20111222 51      B  0  A DISK        2011-12-22 19:19:56 1       1       NO         INR0_FULLBAK_20111222

 

三：创建测试数据

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/123456@racdb as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Thu Dec 22 20:14:45 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> create tablespace local_arch_test datafile size 10M; Tablespace created. SQL> create table test.t5  tablespace local_arch_test as select * from hr.employees; Table created. SQL> select count(*) from test.t5;   COUNT(*) ----------        107 SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name in ('SYSTEM','LOCAL_ARCH_TEST'); FILE_NAME ------------------------------------------------------------------ +DATA/racdb/datafile/system.256.770422987 +DATA/racdb/datafile/local_arch_test.312.770588167 SQL> alter system archive log current; System altered. SQL> / System altered.

 

四：模拟数据文件损坏

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb -o immediate [oracle@rac1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 [oracle@rac1 ~]$ asmcmd rm -rf +DATA/racdb/datafile/system.256.770422987 [oracle@rac1 ~]$ asmcmd rm -rf +DATA/racdb/datafile/local_arch_test.312.770588167 [oracle@rac1 ~]$ source .bash_profile  [oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb  PRKP-1001 : Error starting instance racdb1 on node rac1 CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.racdb.racdb1.inst'. PRKP-1001 : Error starting instance racdb2 on node rac2 CRS-0215: Could not start resource 'ora.racdb.racdb2.inst'.

 

五：执行恢复

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb -o mount [oracle@rac2 ~]$ rman target sys/123456@racdb Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Thu Dec 22 20:26:06 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved. connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=766822397, not open) RMAN> run { 2> allocate channel c1 device type disk connect sys/123456@racdb1; 3> allocate channel c2 device type disk connect sys/123456@racdb2; 4> restore database; 5> recover database; 6> release channel c1; 7> release channel c2; 8> } allocated channel: c1 channel c1: sid=146 instance=racdb1 devtype=DISK allocated channel: c2 channel c2: sid=146 instance=racdb2 devtype=DISK Starting restore at 2011-12-22 20:42:10 creating datafile fno=7 name=+DATA/racdb/datafile/local_arch_test.312.770588847 skipping datafile 2; already restored to file +DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.769205541 skipping datafile 3; already restored to file +DATA/racdb/datafile/sysaux.257.770222575 skipping datafile 6; already restored to file +DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.769205765 skipping datafile 1; already restored to file +DATA/racdb/datafile/system.256.770588849 skipping datafile 4; already restored to file +DATA/racdb/datafile/users.259.769960507 skipping datafile 5; already restored to file +DATA/racdb/datafile/example.264.769205649 Finished restore at 2011-12-22 20:42:11 Starting recover at 2011-12-22 20:42:11 starting media recovery archive log thread 1 sequence 100 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog/1_100_769205632.dbf archive log thread 1 sequence 101 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog/1_101_769205632.dbf archive log thread 2 sequence 69 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/2_69_769205632.dbf archive log thread 2 sequence 70 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/2_70_769205632.dbf channel c2: starting archive log restore to default destination channel c2: restoring archive log archive log thread=2 sequence=68 channel c2: reading from backup piece +FRA/racdb/backupset/2011_12_22/annnf0_inr0_fullbak_20111222_0.270.770584805 channel c1: starting archive log restore to default destination channel c1: restoring archive log archive log thread=1 sequence=99 channel c1: reading from backup piece +FRA/racdb/backupset/2011_12_22/annnf0_inr0_fullbak_20111222_0.261.770584805 channel c1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=+FRA/racdb/backupset/2011_12_22/annnf0_inr0_fullbak_20111222_0.261.770584805 tag=INR0_FULLBAK_20111222 channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog/1_99_769205632.dbf thread=1 sequence=99 channel c2: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=+FRA/racdb/backupset/2011_12_22/annnf0_inr0_fullbak_20111222_0.270.770584805 tag=INR0_FULLBAK_20111222 channel c2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/2_68_769205632.dbf thread=2 sequence=68 archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/rac2_archivelog/2_69_769205632.dbf thread=2 sequence=69 archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/rac1_archivelog/1_100_769205632.dbf thread=1 sequence=100 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04 Finished recover at 2011-12-22 20:42:27 released channel: c1 released channel: c2

 

六：验证

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl  stop database -d racdb -o abort [oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl  start database -d racdb [oracle@rac2 ~]$ sqlplus sys/123456@racdb as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Thu Dec 22 20:44:55 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select count(*) from test.t5;   COUNT(*) ----------        107