一．系统复制
1． 建用户组和用户
groupadd -g 507 oinstall
groupadd -g 502 dba
useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
2． 复制.bash_profile从10.253.32.106到10.253.81.14
3． 以root身份打包原服务器上oracle目录
[root@CSICN01TESTDB /]# du -sh /u01
5.9G
/u01
[root@CSICN01TESTDB /]# tar -zcvpf /tmp/u01.tar.gz /u01
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
/u01/
/u01/app/
/u01/app/oracle/
tar –help / man tar
4． 复制到目标机上，并解压（如上图）
tar -zxvpf /tmp/u01.tar.gz -C /
5． 修改两台机器上的listener.ora 和 tnsnames.ora里面的主机名
6． 开启侦听和数据库
Lsnrctl start
Sql>startup
二．在主库上的操作：
1. 修改dataguard配置相关的各个参数
SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> alter system set db_unique_name='testdb' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(testdb,testdb_standby)';
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=testdb';
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=testdb_standby lgwr sync valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=testdb_standby';
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set fal_server=testdb_standby;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set fal_client=testdb;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
System altered.
2. 建standby log
alter database add standby logfile
group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/STD_REDO04.LOG') size 50m,
group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/STD_REDO05.LOG') size 50m,
group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/STD_REDO06.LOG') size 50m,
group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/STD_REDO07.LOG') size 50m
;
3. 生成pfile
create pfile='/home/oracle/testdb.pfile.ora' from spfile;
三．在备库上的操作：
1. 配置standby pfile(从主库机复制过来，并修改)
cp testdb.pfile.ora ./standby.testdb.pfile.ora
修改后如后面的附件一，二
2. 开启listener,并开启数据库到nomount
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/standby.testdb.pfile.ora';
File created.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 409194496 bytes
Fixed Size
2213856 bytes
Variable Size
310380576 bytes
Database Buffers
88080384 bytes
Redo Buffers
8519680 bytes
SQL>
SQL>
3. 主库lisener
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = TESTDB)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = TESTDB)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = CSICN01TESTDB)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
4. 备库listener
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = TESTDB)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = TESTDB)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = SAPTEST)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
Sqlplus sys/xxx@testdb_standby as sysdba;
报错ORA-01031: insufficient privileges 处理：
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwtestdb.ora password=oracle4U entries=5;
或者
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwTESTDB password=oracle4U entries=5;
然后重启lsnrctl再连
注： 注意密码文件的大小写
四．用rman连上主库和备库,并同步数据
rman target sys/xxxxx@testdb auxiliary sys/xxxxxx@testdb_standby
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;
五．用rman全备恢复的方式
1. 主库上
Run{
Backup full database format '/home/oracle/tmp_std/full_%U.db';
SQL 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';
Backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/tmp_std/arc_%U.arc';
}
ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS '/home/oracle/tmp_std/standby.testdb.ctl';
并记下主库的id
SQL> select dbid from V$database;
DBID
----------
2589250042
2. 在备库上
scp oracle@csicn01testdb:/tmp/standby.testdb.ctl /home/oracle
3. 启动备库,进到rman 执行
startup force nomount pfile='/home/oracle/standby.testdb.pfile.ora';
set dbid 2589250042
restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/tmp_std/standby.testdb.ctl';
----recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
alter database mount;
catalog start with '/home/oracle/tmp_std';
list backup;
low scn : 2193488
run{
restore database;
Switch datafile all;
recover database until SCN 2193488;
}
以下错可以乎略
RMAN> run{
restore database;
Switch datafile all;
recover database until SCN 2193488;
}
2> 3> 4> 5>
Starting restore at 25-MAR-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/25/2013 09:36:16
ORA-01013: user requested cancel of current operation
跳过，直接启到standby模式
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
六．Active Dataguard
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
1. 开启standby
shutdown immediate;
startup nomount;
alter database mount standby database;
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
2. 切到read only
--------------------------------------------------
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
alter database open read only;
然后再开启同步
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
==================对standby库做个备份======================
rman>
Run{
SQL "create pfile=''/backup/stdbak20130408/pfile.ora'' from spfile";
Backup full database format '/backup/stdbak20130408/full_%U.db';
Backup archivelog all format '/backup/stdbak20130408/arc_%U.arc';
backup as copy current controlfile format '/backup/stdbak20130408/control01.ctl';
}
注意：外面一层是一个双引号，里面一层是两个单引号
SQL "create pfile=''/backup/stdbak20130408/pfile.ora'' from spfile";
附件一
－－－－－－－－－－primary.testdb.pfile.ora－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
testdb.__db_cache_size=92274688
testdb.__java_pool_size=4194304
testdb.__large_pool_size=4194304
testdb.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
testdb.__pga_aggregate_target=142606336
testdb.__sga_target=268435456
testdb.__shared_io_pool_size=0
testdb.__shared_pool_size=155189248
testdb.__streams_pool_size=4194304
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/testdb/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/testdb/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='testdb'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.db_unique_name='testdb'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testdbXDB)'
*.fal_client='TESTDB'
*.fal_server='TESTDB_STANDBY'
*.log_archive_format='testdb_%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(testdb,testdb_standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=testdb'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=testdb_standby lgwr sync valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=testdb_standby'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.memory_target=408944640
*.nls_language='american'
*.nls_territory='america'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
附件二：
－－－－－－－－－－standby.testdb.pfile.ora－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
testdb.__db_cache_size=92274688
testdb.__java_pool_size=4194304
testdb.__large_pool_size=4194304
testdb.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
testdb.__pga_aggregate_target=142606336
testdb.__sga_target=268435456
testdb.__shared_io_pool_size=0
testdb.__shared_pool_size=155189248
testdb.__streams_pool_size=4194304
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/testdb/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/testdb/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='testdb'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.db_unique_name='testdb_standby'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testdbXDB)'
*.fal_client='TESTDB_STANDBY'
*.fal_server='TESTDB'
*.log_archive_format='testdb_%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(testdb,testdb_standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=testdb_standby'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=testdb lgwr sync valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=testdb'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_format='testdb_%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.memory_target=408944640
*.nls_language='american'
*.nls_territory='america'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.service_names='testdb'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－完－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
