在前面几篇博客中介绍了ListView控件的使用,今天将用一个小案例介绍ListView的简单运用,这个例子参考了郭霖老师的《第一行Android代码》,郭霖老师的书中介绍的有点复杂,其实不需要那么复杂也可以实现那个效果,要实现一个如下所示的效果。
滑动屏幕可以查看屏幕上展示的所有水果
点击不同的水果后会在屏幕上提示点中的水果
实现代码,首先使用Android Studio创建一个Android工程
1、修改activity_main.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.fyt.fruitdemo.MainActivity"> <ListView android:id="@+id/lv" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> </ListView> </RelativeLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/fruit_image" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@drawable/apple_pic"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/fruit_name" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:layout_marginLeft="10dip" android:textSize="30dp" android:text="苹果"/> </LinearLayout>
package com.fyt.fruitdemo; public class Fruit { private String name; private int imageId; public Fruit(String name, int imageId) { this.name = name; this.imageId = imageId; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setNameId(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getImageId() { return imageId; } public void setImageId(int imageId) { this.imageId = imageId; } }
package com.fyt.fruitdemo; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private List<Fruit> fruitList; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //创建集合,用来保存水果的数据 fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>(); //创建水果对象 Fruit fruit1 = new Fruit("苹果", R.drawable.apple_pic); Fruit fruit2 = new Fruit("香蕉", R.drawable.banana_pic); Fruit fruit3 = new Fruit("樱桃", R.drawable.cherry_pic); Fruit fruit4 = new Fruit("葡萄", R.drawable.grape_pic); Fruit fruit5 = new Fruit("芒果", R.drawable.mango_pic); Fruit fruit6 = new Fruit("桔子", R.drawable.orange_pic); Fruit fruit7 = new Fruit("梨", R.drawable.pear_pic); Fruit fruit8 = new Fruit("菠萝", R.drawable.pineapple_pic); Fruit fruit9 = new Fruit("草莓", R.drawable.strawberry_pic); Fruit fruit10 = new Fruit("西瓜", R.drawable.watermelon_pic); //将水果对象添加到集合中 fruitList.add(fruit1); fruitList.add(fruit2); fruitList.add(fruit3); fruitList.add(fruit4); fruitList.add(fruit5); fruitList.add(fruit6); fruitList.add(fruit7); fruitList.add(fruit8); fruitList.add(fruit9); fruitList.add(fruit10); //获得布局文件上的ListView控件 ListView listView = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lv); //为ListView设置适配器 listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter()); //给ListView添加事件监听 listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() { @Override public void onItemClick( AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { //获得用户触摸到的条目上的水果 Fruit fruit = fruitList.get(position); //使用吐司对话框提示用户触摸到的水果 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } //创建一个继承自BaseAdapter的内部类 public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter { //由系统调用,用于设置ListView中条目的个数 @Override public int getCount() { return fruitList.size(); } //由系统调用,获取一个View对象,作为ListView的条目 @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { //从集合中获得水果的信息 Fruit fruit = fruitList.get(position); View v; //如果ListView的条目没有缓存 if(convertView == null) { //将布局文件填充成一个View对象 v = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item_listview, null); } //ListView中的条目有缓存 else { v = convertView; } //设置水果的图片 ImageView imageView = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image); imageView.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId()); //设置水果的名称 TextView textView = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name); textView.setText(fruit.getName()); return v; } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return null; } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return 0; } } }