Android 各种基础控件布局

一、基本控件介绍

一般新建组件有两种方式：XML中定义和Java代码实现，一般XML中定义较为常用。

 

1.Button

按钮，在main.xml中定义如下：

 

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><Button
 <span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> </span>android:layout_width="wrap_content"  <!--按钮宽度匹配文本的大小 -->
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"  <!--按钮高度匹配文本大小 -->
     android:text="文本"   <!--按钮的文本 -->
     android:id="@+id/button1"  <!--按钮的id -->
 ></Button></span>

Button的监听器：onClickListener;

需要实现方法：public void onClick(View v); v表示触发的控件，比如按钮

代码示例：实现点击按钮生成随机数；

ButtonActivity.java

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;
 import java.util.Random;
 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.AlertDialog;
 import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.TextView;
 import android.widget.Toast;
 public class ButtonActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{    //实现点击监听器
     private Button button;
     private TextView tv;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);        //根据ID找组件
         tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);
         button.setOnClickListener(this);        //为button设置监听器
     }
     @Override
     public void onClick(View view) {
         String str = new Random().nextInt()+"";
         tv.setText(str);
         Toast.makeText(this, "点击了按钮!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); //设置提示信息
          Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);           //创建对话框
          builder.setTitle("提示信息").setMessage("点击了按钮,随机数为:"+str).show(); //设置对话框属性并显示
     }
 }</span>

main.xml

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text=""
         android:id="@+id/tv"
         />
     <Button
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="点击生成随机数"
         android:id="@+id/button1"
         ></Button>
 </LinearLayout></span>

2.ImageButton

和Button的区别为背景可以自定义图片，在main.xml中定义如下：

 

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><ImageButton
     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:id="@+id/ib1"
     android:background="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>  <!--设置按钮的背景为drawable文件夹下的ic_launcher图片 --></span>

代码示例：实现点击图片按钮就切换图片；

main.xml

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="@string/hello" />
     <ImageButton
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:id="@+id/ib1"
         android:background="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>
 </LinearLayout></span>

ImageButtonActivity.java

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.MotionEvent;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
 import android.widget.ImageButton;

 public class ImageButtonActivity extends Activity {
     private ImageButton ib1;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         ib1 = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.ib1);
         ib1.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener(){

             @Override
             public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                 if(event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN){  //按下按钮时
                     ib1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.logo);
                 }
                 else if(event.getAction()==MotionEvent.ACTION_UP){  //抬起按钮时
                     ib1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
                 }
                 return false;
             }

         });
     }
 }</span>

3.EditText

文本框，在main.xml中定义如下：

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><EditText
      android:id="@+id/name"
      android:layout_width="fill_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:hint="输入用户名..."
      android:inputType=""
 /></span>

可以在<EditText>中设置以下属性：
(1)android:inputType="number"：输入类型为数字；

(2)android:maxLength="2"：输入最长为2；

(3)android:singleLine="true"：只能单行显示；

(4)android:password="true" ：输入的形式为密码

(5)android:numeric="integer"：输入整数

代码示例：实现用户登录；

 <p><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><strong>main.xml</strong>
 </span></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <LinearLayout
         xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:orientation="horizontal" >

         <TextView
             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="用户名：" />

         <EditText
             android:id="@+id/name"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:hint="输入用户名..."
             android:inputType=""
             />
     </LinearLayout>

     <LinearLayout
         xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:orientation="horizontal" >
  <TextView
             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="密码：" />
         <EditText
             android:id="@+id/password"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:hint="输入密码..."
             android:password="true" />
 </LinearLayout>
         <Button
             android:id="@+id/button"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="提交" >
         </Button>
     </LinearLayout>
 </span></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span><pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">EditTextActivity.java</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.AlertDialog;
 import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
 import android.content.DialogInterface;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.EditText;

 public class EditTextActivity extends Activity {
     private EditText name;
     private EditText password;
     private Button button;

     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.name);
         button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
         password = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.password);
         button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
             @Override
             public void onClick(View v) {
                 String n = name.getText().toString();
                 String p = password.getText().toString();
                 Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(EditTextActivity.this); // 创建对话框
                 builder.setTitle("提示信息").setMessage("用户名：" + n + "\n密码：" + p)
                         .setPositiveButton("知道了", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                             @Override
                             public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                 password.setText("");   //清空密码
                             }
                         }).show();                      // 设置对话框属性并显示
             }
         });
     }
 }</span></pre><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:微软雅黑;"></span> </pre>
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4.CheckBox

多选框，在main.xml中定义如下：

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"> <CheckBox
         android:id="@+id/shanghai"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="" /></span>

onCheckedChangeListener监听器是专门对CheckBox进行监听，实现方法：public void onCheckedChanged(CompundButton buttonView,boolean isChecked);

代码示例：实现上海、北京、天津的复选框

 <p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">main.xml</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="城市：" />

     <CheckBox
         android:id="@+id/shanghai"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="上海" />

     <CheckBox
         android:id="@+id/beijing"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="北京" />

     <CheckBox
         android:id="@+id/tianjing"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="天津" />

 </LinearLayout></span></pre>
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 <p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">CheckBoxActivity.java</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.widget.CheckBox;
 import android.widget.CompoundButton;
 import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;
 import android.widget.Toast;

 public class CheckBoxActivity extends Activity implements
         OnCheckedChangeListener {
     private CheckBox cb1, cb2, cb3;

     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         cb1 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.shanghai);
         cb2 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.beijing);
         cb3 = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.tianjing);
         cb1.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
         cb2.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
         cb3.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
     }

     @Override
         public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,   //buttonView表示改变的框，isChecked表示是选中还是取消选中
                 boolean isChecked) {
             if(buttonView==cb1||buttonView==cb2||buttonView==cb3){
                 if(isChecked){
                     Toast.makeText(this, buttonView.getText()+"被选中",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                 }
                 else{
                     Toast.makeText(this, buttonView.getText()+"取消选中",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                 }
             }


     }
 }</span></pre>
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5.RadioButton

单选框，在main.xml中定义如下：

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><RadioGroup>
     <RadioButton
             android:id="@+id/rb1"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="RadioButton1" >
     </RadioButton>
     <RadioButton>
     </RadioButton>
     ......
 </RadioGroup></span>

在单选框中也存在一个OnCheckedChangeListener,但是不同于多选框的监听器，虽然名字一样，但是所在包不一样。

代码示例：实现“男、女”单选框；

 <p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">
 main.xml</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <RadioGroup
         android:id="@+id/rg1"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

         <RadioButton
             android:id="@+id/rb1"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="男" >
         </RadioButton>

         <RadioButton
             android:id="@+id/rb2"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="女" >
         </RadioButton>
     </RadioGroup>

 </LinearLayout></span></pre>
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 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span>
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 <p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">RadioButtonActivity.java

 </span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.widget.RadioButton;
 import android.widget.RadioGroup;
 import android.widget.Toast;
 import android.widget.RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener;

 public class RadioButtonActivity extends Activity implements OnCheckedChangeListener{
     /** Called when the activity is first created. */
     private RadioButton rb1,rb2;
     private RadioGroup rg;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         rb1 = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb1);
         rb2 = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb2);
         rg = (RadioGroup)findViewById(R.id.rg1);
         rg.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
     }
     @Override
     public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
         if(group==rg){
             if(rb1.getId()==checkedId){
                 Toast.makeText(this, rb1.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
             }
             if(rb2.getId()==checkedId){
                 Toast.makeText(this, rb2.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
             }
         }
     }
 }</span></pre>
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 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span>
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6.ProgressBar

进度条，在main.xml中定义如下：

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><ProgressBar
         android:id="@+id/pb1"
         style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleXxx"    <!--设置进度条的样式，有大、中、小、条状 -->
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content" /></span>

1. ?andtroid:attr/progressBarStyleSmall圆形小进度条，动态
2. 默认，即不设置 圆形中等进度条，动态
3. ?android:attr/progressBarStyleLarge 圆形大进度条，动态
4. ?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal 条状进度条，静态

条状进度条属性：

android:max
android:progress
android:secondaryProgress 

代码示例：实现条状进度条，并当安装结束时，跳出提示

 <p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">
 main.xml</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >
     <ProgressBar
         android:id="@+id/pb4"
         style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:max="100"
         android:progress="0"
         android:secondaryProgress="0" />
 </LinearLayout></span></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span><pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">ProgressBarActivity.java</span></strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.widget.ProgressBar;
 import android.widget.Toast;

 public class ProgressBarActivity extends Activity implements Runnable {
     private ProgressBar bar;
     private boolean isFinished;
     Thread t;
     Handler handler = new Handler();
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         bar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pb4);
         t = new Thread(this);
         t.start();
     }
     public void showToast() {
         handler.post(new Runnable() {
             @Override
             public void run() {
                 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "安装完成！",        //此处需要使用Handler，因为不能在子线程中使用Toast
                         Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
             }
         });
     }
     public void run() {
         int current = bar.getProgress();
         int currentMax = bar.getMax();
         int secCurrent = bar.getSecondaryProgress();
         while (true) {
             bar.setProgress(current++);
             bar.setSecondaryProgress(secCurrent++);
             if (secCurrent >= currentMax) {
                 break;
             }
             try {
                 Thread.sleep(50);
             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
         }
         isFinished = true;
         showToast();
     }
 }</span></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <h2><a name="t16"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">7.TextView</span></h2>
 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">文本显示组件，在main.xml中定义如下：</span>
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 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"> <TextView
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="@string/hello" />    <!--文本文字 --></span>

8.Dialog

对话框，不需要再main.xml中显示，只需要直接在Activity中创建即可； 

(1)简单的Dialog：

常用函数：

setMessage()

setTitle()

setIcon()

setPositiveButton()

setNegativeButton()

 Builder builder = new Builder(DialogActivity.this);   //创建对话框
 builder.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info).setTitle("对话框标题");   //设置对话框图标和标题
 builder.setMessage("对话框内容");    //设置对话框信息
 builder.setPositiveButton("Yes", new OnClickListener(){      //设置正确按钮
         @Override
         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

         }
 });
 builder.setNegativeButton("No", new OnClickListener(){     //设置否定按钮
         @Override
         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

         }
 });
 builder.show();     //显示对话框

(2)在dialog中添加单选框和复选框：

实例：添加“上海、北京、天津”的多选框

setMultiChoiceItems();

setSingleChoiceItems(); 

注：设置这些和setMessage不能同时使用！

 <pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
 import android.content.DialogInterface;
 import android.content.DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener;
 import android.os.Bundle;

 public class DialogActivity extends Activity {
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         Builder builder = new Builder(DialogActivity.this);
         builder.setMultiChoiceItems(new String[] { "上海", "北京", "天津" },   //每项内容
                 new boolean[] { true, false, true },    //每项是否没选中
                 new OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {    //监听器
                     @Override
                     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which,
                             boolean isChecked) {

                     }
                 }).show();
     }
 }</pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><strong>(3)在dialog中添加列表</strong></span></div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><strong></strong></span></div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">builder.setItems(new String[]{"项1","项2"},new OnClickListener(){});  </span></div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><strong>(4)在dialog中添加视图（在main.xml中定义）：</strong></span></div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
 setView函数实现;<pre class="java" name="code">        Builder builder = new Builder(DialogActivity.this);
         View layout = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.main, null);
         builder.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info).setTitle("对话框标题");
         builder.setMessage("对话框内容");
         builder.setPositiveButton("Yes", new OnClickListener(){
             @Override
             public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

             }
         });
         builder.setNegativeButton("Yes", new OnClickListener(){
             @Override
             public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int arg1) {

             }
         });
         builder.setView(layout);
         builder.show();
 </pre>
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9.TabHost

分页组件，类似于如下图：

在main.xml中无需定义，直接在TabActivity中创建即可，但是TabSpec中的具体内容需要自定义，即引用布局文件中的ID；
注：
(1)Activity需要继承TabActivity 而不是Activity；
(2)OnTabChangedListener为TabHost的监听器，存在方法：public void onTagChanged(String tabId);

(3)TabSpec t1 = tabHost.newTabSpec("TabID");

(4)t1.setContent(布局或控件id);   //为tabSpec添加某个布局

(5)t1.setIndicator(tab的标题);

代码示例：设置三页，每页有各自的内容

 <p><strong>main.xml</strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:id="@+id/main"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <LinearLayout
         android:id="@+id/l1"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:orientation="vertical" >

         <TextView
             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="第1页"></TextView>
     </LinearLayout>

     <LinearLayout
         android:id="@+id/l2"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:orientation="vertical" >

         <TextView
             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="第2页"></TextView>
     </LinearLayout>

     <LinearLayout
         android:id="@+id/l3"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:orientation="vertical" >

         <TextView
             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="第3页"></TextView>
     </LinearLayout>

 </LinearLayout></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong>TabHostActivity.java</strong></p>
 <pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.TabActivity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.view.LayoutInflater;
 import android.widget.TabHost;
 import android.widget.TabHost.OnTabChangeListener;
 import android.widget.TabHost.TabSpec;
 import android.widget.Toast;

 public class TabHostActivity extends TabActivity implements OnTabChangeListener {   //继承TabActivity而不是Activity
     TabHost host;

     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         host = this.getTabHost();    //新建TabHost
         LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.main,    //将main布局文件映射成tabHost的view
                 host.getTabContentView());
         TabSpec t1 = host.newTabSpec("t1");   //新建一个页，id为t1
         t1.setIndicator("标签1");  //设置显示页名
         t1.setContent(R.id.l1);    //设置页的内容为l1布局，此处可以是布局或组件
         host.addTab(t1);     //加入TabHost中
         TabSpec t2 = host.newTabSpec("t2");
         t2.setIndicator("标签2",getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_launcher));
         t2.setContent(R.id.l2);
         host.addTab(t2);
         TabSpec t3 = host.newTabSpec("t3");
         t3.setIndicator("标签3");
         t3.setContent(R.id.l3);
         host.addTab(t3);
         host.setOnTabChangedListener(this);   //设置监听器
     }

     @Override
     public void onTabChanged(String tabId) {
         Log.v("a","aaaa");
         if(tabId.equals("t1")){
             Toast.makeText(this, "标签1ing", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
         }
         if(tabId.equals("t2")){
             Toast.makeText(this, "标签2ing", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
         }
         if(tabId.equals("t3")){
             Toast.makeText(this, "标签3ing", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
         }
         else{
             Toast.makeText(this, tabId, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
         }
     }
 }</pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 </pre>

10.SeekBar

拖动条，在main.xml中定义如下：

 <SeekBar
 android:id="@+id/sb"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 />

注：存在OnSeekBarChangeListener监听器，用来监听SeekBar组件的事件，实现方法：
(1)public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar); //开始移动时调用
(2)public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekbar); //结束移动时调用
(3)public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar,int progress,boolean fromUser); //改变时调用，progress为当前值

代码示例：移动SeekBar组件，并在TextView中显示当前值

 <p><strong>main.xml</strong></p><p></p><pre class="html" name="code"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="@string/hello"
         android:id="@+id/tv"
          />
     <SeekBar
         android:id="@+id/sb"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"

         />
 </LinearLayout></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre class="html" name="code"><p><strong>SeekBarActivity.java</strong></p><p></p><pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.widget.SeekBar;
 import android.widget.SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener;
 import android.widget.TextView;

 public class SeekBarActivity extends Activity {
     private TextView tv;
     private SeekBar sb;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
         sb = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.sb);
         sb.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new OnSeekBarChangeListener(){
             @Override
             public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress,
                     boolean fromUser) {
                 tv.setText(progress+"");
             }
             @Override
             public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
             }
             @Override
             public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
             }
         });
     }
 }</pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span></div>
 <h2><a name="t22"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">11.ListView</span></h2>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">列表视图；</span></div>
 <h3><a name="t23"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">(1)使用ArrayAdapter实现普通列表</span></h3>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">ArrayAdapter是一个媒介，通过它可以把数组映射到ListView视图上。</span></div>
 <div>(1)new ArrayAapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,list);   将list存放到ArrayAdapter中；</div>
 <div>(2)lv.setAdapter(adapter);  为listView设置Adapter；</div>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"></span><pre class="java" name="code">package org.xiazdong;

 import java.util.ArrayList;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.widget.AdapterView;
 import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
 import android.widget.ListView;
 import android.widget.Toast;
 import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;

 public class ListViewActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener{
     ArrayList<String> list;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         list = new ArrayList<String>();
         list.add("xiazdong-1");
         list.add("xiazdong-2");
         list.add("xiazdong-3");
         ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,list);
         ListView lv = new ListView(this);
         lv.setAdapter(adapter);
         lv.setOnItemClickListener(this);
         this.setContentView(lv);
     }
     @Override
     public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) {
         Toast.makeText(this,list.get(arg2), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
 }</pre><br>
 <h3><a name="t24"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">(2)自定义适配器BaseAdapter</span></h3>
 </div>
 <div><br>
 </div>
 <br>
 <h1><a name="t25"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">二、4种布局介绍</span></h1>
 <div><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><br>
 </span></div>
 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">AbsoluteLayout因为已被废除，因此不做介绍；<br>
 只要存在界面，就会有布局的存在，就像Swing，虽然一个是桌面应用，一个是手机应用，但是他们都差不多。<br>
 </span>
 <h2 style="font-family:monospace; white-space:pre"><a name="t26"></a><img alt="" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/skynet/WindowsLiveWriter/Androidview_11A60/ViewGroup%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%A7%E6%89%BF_thumb.jpg"></h2>
 <br>
 此处因为布局非常简单，所以就不用代码来讲解了。<br>
 <br>
 <br>
 <h2><a name="t27"></a><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'">1.LinearLayout</span></h2>
 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'"><br>
 <br>
 默认布局。组件的排列按照预先定义方向很有序的排列，类似于Swing中的FlowLayout；<br>
 注意点：</span>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 </pre>

(1)可以在<LinearLayout>中添加android:orientation:vertical/horizontal ;

(2)可以嵌套<LinearLayout>；

2.FrameLayout

每个组件都在左上角，如果多个组件一起出现，则会重叠；

3.RelativeLayout

每个组件定位都是按照与其他组件的上下、左右定位；

默认的定位为左上方；
(1)定位与组件的上下左右

android:layout_below="@id/.."

android:layout_above="@id/"

android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/"

(2)定位与组件的边缘对齐

android:layout_alignLeft="@id/"

android:layout_alignRight="@id/"

android:layout_alignTop="@id/"

android:layout_alignBottom="@id/"

(3)定位与父组件的边缘对齐

android:layout_alignParentTop="true"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

(4)与整个屏幕的关系

android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

android:layout_centerVertical="true"

android:layout_centerInParent="true"

4.TableLayout

类似于Swing中的GridLayout；

表格布局的每行用<TabRow>括起来；

在<TableLayout>中可以定义如下属性：

(1)android:shrinkColumns="1" 表明第2个控件如果里面的内容过多，会收缩，扩展到第二行，而不是延伸；

(2)android:stretchColumns="2" 如果有空白，第3个控件填充；

在控件中设置：

(1)android:layout_column="2" 将此控件放在第3个位置；

(2)android:layout_span="2" 此控件占据2个单元位置；

补充：

1.在Activity中根据id获得strings.xml和main.xml中的内容

getResources().getString(int id); 
getResources().getDrawable(int id);

2.锁定横竖屏

因为在CTRL+F11时 会发生问题，因此可以再AndroidManifest.xml的Activity设置：android:screenOrientation=""

(1)portrait：竖屏；
(2)landscape：横屏；

3.可视化设置布局、控件

main.xml 如下所示：

多个Activity之间跳转

使用Intent进行多个页面的跳转；

(1)Intent intent = new Intent(Context c,Class class);  c表示当前界面，class表示要跳转到的界面的class；

(2)intent.putExtra(String key,String value);  //设置传输内容；

(3)this.startActivity(intent);   //开始跳转

(4)Intent intent = this.getIntent();  //获得传输来的intent

(5)String value = intent.getStringExtra(String key);   //获得数据

代码示例：

main.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="第一个界面" />
         <TextView
         android:id="@+id/tv1"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="" />
     <EditText
         android:id="@+id/e1"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:hint="输入信息"
         />
     <Button
         android:id="@+id/b1"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="发送到第二个界面"
         />
 </LinearLayout>

mylayout.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="第二个界面" />
         <TextView
         android:id="@+id/tv2"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="" />
     <EditText
         android:id="@+id/e2"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:hint="输入信息"
         />
     <Button
         android:id="@+id/b2"
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="发送到第一个界面"
         />
 </LinearLayout>

MultiActivityActivity.java

 package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.EditText;
 import android.widget.TextView;

 public class MultiActivityActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
     private Button b1;
     private EditText e1;
     private TextView tv1;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         b1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.b1);
         e1 = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.e1);
         tv1 = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv1);
         Intent i = this.getIntent();
         if(i.getStringExtra("2")!=null){
             tv1.setText(i.getStringExtra("2"));
         }
         b1.setOnClickListener(this);
     }

     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {

         Intent intent = new Intent(MultiActivityActivity.this,OtherActivity.class);
         intent.putExtra("1", e1.getText().toString());
         this.startActivity(intent);
     }
 }

OtherActivity.java

 package org.xiazdong;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.content.DialogInterface;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.EditText;
 import android.widget.TextView;

 public class OtherActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
     private TextView view ;
     private Button b2;
     private EditText e2;
     private TextView tv2;
     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         view = new TextView(this);
         setContentView(R.layout.mylayout);
         b2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.b2);
         e2 = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.e2);
         tv2 = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv2);
         Intent i = this.getIntent();
         if(i.getStringExtra("1")!=null){
             tv2.setText(i.getStringExtra("1"));
         }
         b2.setOnClickListener(this);
     }
     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {

         Intent intent = new Intent(OtherActivity.this,MultiActivityActivity.class);
         intent.putExtra("2", e2.getText().toString());
         this.startActivity(intent);
     }

 }

 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>
 <pre></pre>

一、基本控件介绍

一般新建组件有两种方式：XML中定义和Java代码实现，一般XML中定义较为常用。

 

1.Button

按钮，在main.xml中定义如下：

 

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><Button
 <span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> </span>android:layout_width="wrap_content"  <!--按钮宽度匹配文本的大小 -->
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"  <!--按钮高度匹配文本大小 -->
     android:text="文本"   <!--按钮的文本 -->
     android:id="@+id/button1"  <!--按钮的id -->
 ></Button></span>

Button的监听器：onClickListener;

需要实现方法：public void onClick(View v); v表示触发的控件，比如按钮

代码示例：实现点击按钮生成随机数；

ButtonActivity.java

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';">package org.xiazdong;
 import java.util.Random;
 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.AlertDialog;
 import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.TextView;
 import android.widget.Toast;
 public class ButtonActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{    //实现点击监听器
     private Button button;
     private TextView tv;
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);
         button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);        //根据ID找组件
         tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);
         button.setOnClickListener(this);        //为button设置监听器
     }
     @Override
     public void onClick(View view) {
         String str = new Random().nextInt()+"";
         tv.setText(str);
         Toast.makeText(this, "点击了按钮!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); //设置提示信息
          Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);           //创建对话框
          builder.setTitle("提示信息").setMessage("点击了按钮,随机数为:"+str).show(); //设置对话框属性并显示
     }
 }</span>

main.xml

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text=""
         android:id="@+id/tv"
         />
     <Button
         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="点击生成随机数"
         android:id="@+id/button1"
         ></Button>
 </LinearLayout></span>

2.ImageButton

和Button的区别为背景可以自定义图片，在main.xml中定义如下：

 

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><ImageButton
     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:id="@+id/ib1"
     android:background="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>  <!--设置按钮的背景为drawable文件夹下的ic_launcher图片 --></span>

代码示例：实现点击图片按钮就切换图片；

main.xml

 <span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >