【前情提要】由于项目需要，需要一个定时任务集群，故此有了这个spring-boot-starter-quartz集群的实践。springboot的版本为：2.1.6.RELEASE；quartz的版本为：2.3.1.假如这里一共有两个定时任务的节点，它们的代码完全一样。
壹.jar包依赖
1.8
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-quartz
mysql
mysql-connector-java
runtime
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-jdbc
org.projectlombok
lombok
true
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
test
这里选择将定时任务的数据入库，避免数据直接存在内存中，因应用重启造成的数据丢失和做集群控制。
贰、项目配置
spring:
server:
port: 8080
servlet:
context-path: /lovin
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/training?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
username: root
password: root
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
quartz:
job-store-type: jdbc #数据库方式
jdbc:
initialize-schema: never #不初始化表结构
properties:
org:
quartz:
scheduler:
instanceId: AUTO #默认主机名和时间戳生成实例ID,可以是任何字符串，但对于所有调度程序来说，必须是唯一的 对应qrtz_scheduler_state INSTANCE_NAME字段
#instanceName: clusteredScheduler #quartzScheduler
jobStore:
class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX #持久化配置
driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate #我们仅为数据库制作了特定于数据库的代理
useProperties: false #以指示JDBCJobStore将JobDataMaps中的所有值都作为字符串，因此可以作为名称 - 值对存储而不是在BLOB列中以其序列化形式存储更多复杂的对象。从长远来看，这是更安全的，因为您避免了将非String类序列化为BLOB的类版本问题。
tablePrefix: qrtz_ #数据库表前缀
misfireThreshold: 60000 #在被认为“失火”之前，调度程序将“容忍”一个Triggers将其下一个启动时间通过的毫秒数。默认值（如果您在配置中未输入此属性）为60000（60秒）。
clusterCheckinInterval: 5000 #设置此实例“检入”*与群集的其他实例的频率（以毫秒为单位）。影响检测失败实例的速度。
isClustered: true #打开群集功能
threadPool: #连接池
class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
threadCount: 10
threadPriority: 5
threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread: true
这里需要注意的是两个节点的端口号应该不一致，避免冲突
叁、实现一个Job
[@Slf4j](https://my.oschina.net/slf4j)
public class Job extends QuartzJobBean {
[@Override](https://my.oschina.net/u/1162528)
protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
// 获取参数
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
// 业务逻辑 ...
log.info("------springbootquartzonejob执行"+jobDataMap.get("name").toString()+"###############"+jobExecutionContext.getTrigger());
}
其中的日志输出是为了便于观察任务执行情况
肆、封装定时任务操作
[@Service](https://my.oschina.net/service)
public class QuartzService {
@Autowired
private Scheduler scheduler;
@PostConstruct
public void startScheduler() {
try {
scheduler.start();
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 增加一个job
*
* @param jobClass
* 任务实现类
* @param jobName
* 任务名称
* @param jobGroupName
* 任务组名
* @param jobTime
* 时间表达式 (这是每隔多少秒为一次任务)
* @param jobTimes
* 运行的次数 （<0:表示不限次数）
* @param jobData
* 参数
*/
public void addJob(Class jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, int jobTime,
int jobTimes, Map jobData) {
try {
// 任务名称和组构成任务key
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
.build();
// 设置job参数
if(jobData!= null && jobData.size()>0){
jobDetail.getJobDataMap().putAll(jobData);
}
// 使用simpleTrigger规则
Trigger trigger = null;
if (jobTimes < 0) {
trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime))
.startNow().build();
} else {
trigger = TriggerBuilder
.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder
.repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime).withRepeatCount(jobTimes))
.startNow().build();
}
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 增加一个job
*
* @param jobClass
* 任务实现类
* @param jobName
* 任务名称(建议唯一)
* @param jobGroupName
* 任务组名
* @param jobTime
* 时间表达式 （如：0/5 * * * * ? ）
* @param jobData
* 参数
*/
public void addJob(Class jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime, Map jobData) {
try {
// 创建jobDetail实例，绑定Job实现类
// 指明job的名称，所在组的名称，以及绑定job类
// 任务名称和组构成任务key
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
.build();
// 设置job参数
if(jobData!= null && jobData.size()>0){
jobDetail.getJobDataMap().putAll(jobData);
}
// 定义调度触发规则
// 使用cornTrigger规则
// 触发器key
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
.startAt(DateBuilder.futureDate(1, IntervalUnit.SECOND))
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).startNow().build();
// 把作业和触发器注册到任务调度中
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 修改 一个job的 时间表达式
*
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
* @param jobTime
*/
public void updateJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime) {
try {
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey)
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).build();
// 重启触发器
scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 删除任务一个job
*
* @param jobName
* 任务名称
* @param jobGroupName
* 任务组名
*/
public void deleteJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {
try {
scheduler.deleteJob(new JobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 暂停一个job
*
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
*/
public void pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {
try {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 恢复一个job
*
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
*/
public void resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {
try {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 立即执行一个job
*
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
*/
public void runAJobNow(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {
try {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
scheduler.triggerJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取所有计划中的任务列表
*
* @return
*/
public List> queryAllJob() {
List> jobList = null;
try {
GroupMatcher matcher = GroupMatcher.anyJobGroup();
Set jobKeys = scheduler.getJobKeys(matcher);
jobList = new ArrayList>();
for (JobKey jobKey : jobKeys) {
List triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey);
for (Trigger trigger : triggers) {
Map map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());
map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());
map.put("description", "触发器:" + trigger.getKey());
Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());
map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());
if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) {
CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;
String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();
map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);
}
jobList.add(map);
}
}
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return jobList;
}
/**
* 获取所有正在运行的job
*
* @return
*/
public List> queryRunJob() {
List> jobList = null;
try {
List executingJobs = scheduler.getCurrentlyExecutingJobs();
jobList = new ArrayList>(executingJobs.size());
for (JobExecutionContext executingJob : executingJobs) {
Map map = new HashMap();
JobDetail jobDetail = executingJob.getJobDetail();
JobKey jobKey = jobDetail.getKey();
Trigger trigger = executingJob.getTrigger();
map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());
map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());
map.put("description", "触发器:" + trigger.getKey());
Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());
map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());
if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) {
CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;
String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();
map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);
}
jobList.add(map);
}
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return jobList;
}
陆、初始化任务
这里不准备给用户用web界面来配置定时任务，故此采用CommandLineRunner来子啊应用初始化的时候来初始化任务。只需要实现CommandLineRunner的run()方法即可。
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
HashMap map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("name",1);
quartzService.deleteJob("job", "test");
quartzService.addJob(Job.class, "job", "test", "0 * * * * ?", map);
map.put("name",2);
quartzService.deleteJob("job2", "test");
quartzService.addJob(Job.class, "job2", "test", "10 * * * * ?", map);
map.put("name",3);
quartzService.deleteJob("job3", "test2");
quartzService.addJob(Job.class, "job3", "test2", "15 * * * * ?", map);
}
柒、测试验证
分别夏侯启动两个应用，然后观察任务执行，以及在运行过程中杀死某个服务，来观察定时任务的执行。 
【写在后面的话】下面给出的是所需要脚本的连接地址：脚本下载地址，另外这边又一个自己实现的demo