使用java程序访问MySQL数据库时,我们需要借助JDBC来访问数据库
常见的MYSQL数据库操作命令主要有创建表和操作表(增删改查)
使用数据库
use (数据库名);
创建数据库:
create database [数据库名称] ;
创建表
create table {表名}{
//
}
删除表
DROP TABLE table_name ;
删除数据
DELETE FROM <表名> [WHERE 子句] [ORDER BY 子句] [LIMIT 子句]
修改数据
UPDATE <表名> SET 字段 1=值 1 [,字段 2=值 2… ] [WHERE 子句 ][ORDER BY 子句] [LIMIT 子句]
查询数据
select (。。。)from (表名);
查询数据库所有数据
select * from (数据库名);
使用JDBC连接数据库的方法是:
1、加载驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//注册驱动
2、连接数据库
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/db1", "root", "root");
3、设置SQL语句
String sql = "insert into student values(5,'kate','123456')";
4、创建statement对象
statement = connection.createStatement();
5、执行SQL语句并进行处理
int i = statement.executeUpdate(sql);//执行SQL
System.out.println(i);//影响行数
最后要对其进行释放:
finally {
// statement.close();
//7.释放资源
//避免空指针异常
if (statement!=null){
try {
statement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection!=null){
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
jdbc的前期操作几乎完全一样,为了简化代码,我们可以将前面的代码块进行整合,然后输入SQL语句进行执行
private static void login(String sql) {
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//注册驱动
//获取数据库的连接对象
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/user_info", "root", "root");
//定义SQL语句
//5.获取SQL执行的对象Statement
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
增添数据演示
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
// 向表中添加一条数据
public class JDBC01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection connection = null;
Statement statement = null;
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//注册驱动
String sql = "insert into student values(5,'kate','123456')";
//2.连接数据库
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/db1", "root", "root");
statement = connection.createStatement();
int i = statement.executeUpdate(sql);//执行SQL
System.out.println(i);//影响行数
if(i>0){
System.out.println("添加成功");
}else System.out.println("添加失败");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// statement.close();
//7.释放资源
//避免空指针异常
if (statement!=null){
try {
statement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection!=null){
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
修改表中数据
//修改表中数据
public class JDBC02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection connection = null;
Statement statement = null;
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//注册驱动
String sql = "update student set password = '987654' where id = 5";
//2.连接数据库
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/db1", "root", "root");
statement = connection.createStatement();
int i = statement.executeUpdate(sql);//执行SQL
System.out.println(i);//影响行数
if(i>0){
System.out.println("修改成功");
}else System.out.println("修改失败");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// statement.close();
//7.释放资源
//避免空指针异常
if (statement!=null){
try {
statement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection!=null){
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
删除表中的一个数据
//删除表中的一条内容
public class JDBC03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection connection = null;
Statement statement = null;
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//注册驱动
String sql = "delete from student where name = 'cell'";
//2.连接数据库
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://rm-2zeojvo8ce2o612459o.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com/user_info", "lin", "Ylg19981127");
statement = connection.createStatement();
int i = statement.executeUpdate(sql);//执行SQL
System.out.println(i);//影响行数
if(i>0){
System.out.println("删除成功");
}else System.out.println("删除失败");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// statement.close();
//7.释放资源
//避免空指针异常
if (statement!=null){
try {
statement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection!=null){
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
查询表中数据
public class JDBC05 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection connection = null;
Statement statement = null;
ResultSet resultSet = null;
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//注册驱动
String sql = "select * from student";
//2.连接数据库
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://rm-2zeojvo8ce2o61245125010.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com:3306/user_info", "lin", "Ylg19981127");
statement = connection.createStatement();
//执行SQL语句
resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);
//处理结果
resultSet.next();//让光标向下移动一行
//获取结果
System.out.println(resultSet.getInt(1)+resultSet.getString("name"));
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// statement.close();
//7.释放资源
if (resultSet!=null){
try {
resultSet.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//避免空指针异常
if (statement!=null){
try {
statement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection!=null){
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}