无心剑英译奥修《什么是教育？》

无心剑按：有人说这个时代是信仰丧失的时代，也有人说这个时代是道德失范的时代，还有人说这个时代是独立人格自由精神遭扼杀的时代，当然这些说法有些偏颇，但是的确存在这样的严重问题值得我们认真思考。仅仅职业教育是远远不够的，人文教育的缺失很令人担忧。人生的目的是什么？人生的意义是什么？如何才能获得真正的幸福？根本问题不解决，把重心集中于一些枝节问题，只会让一个人在纷繁复杂的世界中迷失自己的方向。我只感觉这个社会充满太多的表演，但是却严重缺乏人与人之间的真诚。纵然身处热闹的人群，也感觉行走于沙漠中的孤独。我只是静静地旁观着这世界的喧嚣，我愿意呆在自己构建的一方净土中，我并不颓废，只是觉得人生可贵，要好好体会生命中的一些美好细节。无需张扬，静静散发生命宁静的芬芳，那就是我所珍惜的美。

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什么是教育？

What is Education?

人生下来是一颗种子，一种潜力，他还不是现实。而这是特别的，非常特别，因为整个存在只有人生来是一种潜力；其它动物都是实际的。一条狗生来是狗，它一生中保持一样。狮子生来是一头狮子。人生来还不是一个人，人是一颗种子：他可以成为，他也可以不成为。

A human is born to be a seed or a potential but not a matter-of-fact. This is particular, very particular, for in the whole existence only humans are born to be a potential while other animals are a matter-of-fact. A dog is born to be a dog and keep the same all its life, so is a lion. A human is not born to be a man but a seed: he may become a man or not.

人有未来，其它动物没有未来。所有动物天生是完美的。人是唯一不完美的动物。所以成长，发展才有可能。教育是潜力与事实之间的一座桥。教育是帮助你发展你种子中的形态。而这就是我正在这里做的事；这是一个教育的地方。

Humans have future, but other animals do not. All animals are born to be perfect. A human is the only faulty animal, so he is likely to grow and develop. Education is a bridge between the potential and the fact. It helps you grow into a big tree from a seed. It is just what I want to do. Here is a place for education.

普通学校，学院，大学里做的事不是教育。它只是帮你得到一份好工作，好收入；它不是真正的教育。它没有给你生命。它也许给你较高水平的生活，但较高的生活并不是较高水平的生命；它们不是同义词。

What ordinary schools, colleges and universities have done is not education. Such education just helps you get a good job and income, but it is not real education because it does not bring life to you. Maybe it will bring you a higher living, but a higher living does not mean a higher life. These two words do not have the same meaning.

世界上所谓的教育只是帮你挣面包。而耶稣说："人不能只靠面包生活。"而那就是你的大学在做的事–他们帮你以较好的方式挣面包，更容易，更舒适，更少的努力，更少的艰难。但所有这一切只是帮你挣面包和黄油。那是一种非常原始的教育：它没有给你生命。所以你看见这么多机器人在周围漫步。他们是完美的店员，火车站站长，收税员。他们是完美的，技术熟练的，但若你往他们的深处看，他们不是别的只是乞丐。他们甚至没有尝到一点生命的味道。他们不知道生命是什么，爱是什么，光是什么。他们对神一无所知，他们没有品尝过存在的任何东西。他们不知道怎么歌唱，怎么跳舞，怎么庆祝。他们对于生命还没有入门；他们只是完全地愚蠢。是的，他们挣了钱–挣得比别人多，技术熟练，在成功的阶梯上爬得越来越高–但在深处他们还是空的，贫穷的。教育是要给你内在的丰富。不只是让你见多识广，见多识广是非常原始的教育思想。

The so-called education in the world only helps you earn the bread. But Jesus said: “Man cannot live only on the bread.” That is what your university is doing. They help you earn the bread in a better way, which is easier and more comfortable with less efforts and hardship. All these just help you earn the bread and butter. It is a very primitive education for it does not bring life to you. So you can see so many automatons around you. They are perfect employees, stationmasters or taxmen. They are perfect with skillful techniques, but when you look deep into them, they are nothing but beggars. They even have not tasted a little flavor of life. They do not know what life is, what love is and what light is. They know nothing of God. They have not tasted anything of existence. They do not know how to sing, dance or celebrate. They know nothing of life and are totally stupid. Yeah, they have earned more money than others, with more skillful techniques than others, thus attain a higher position on the ladder of success. But they are empty and poor men deep in their hearts. Education is about to give you inner abundance while not to just make you more knowledgeable. Being knowledgeable belongs to a very primitive educational thought.

我这样说是因为它来源于害怕，源于"如果我没有受到良好的教育，就不能生存下去。"我称它原始是因为在深处它是十分暴力的：它教你竞争，让你充满野心。它不是别的，只是给你一个狭窄的，竞争的世界，每个人都是其它每个人的敌人。于是世界变成了一个疯人院。

This educational thought results from the fear that I cannot survive if I am not well educated. I call it primitive education because it is very violent in the deep. It teaches you how to compete and fills you with ambition. It is nothing else but to give you a narrow and competitive world where everyone is the enemy of anyone else. Therefore the whole world becomes a madhouse.

爱不可能发生。爱怎么可能发生在如此暴力，野心，竞争的世界，每个人都卡着别人的喉咙？这是非常原始的因为它基于害怕–"如果我没有受到好的教育，被保护好，见多识广，我将无法在生活的竞争中生存下来。"它把生活变成了一场斗争。

Love cannot happen. How can love happen in such a violent, ambitious and competitive world where everyone sieges others by the throat? It is very primitive for it bases on fear: “I am unable to survive in the competition of life if I am not well educated.” It turns life into a battle.

我的教育观点是生活不应当被看作一场生存斗争；生活应当看作一个庆祝。生活不应只是竞争，生活也应是喜悦的。唱歌，跳舞，诗歌，音乐和绘画，世界上所有的艺术–教育应当让你与它共鸣–与树，鸟，天空，太阳，还有月亮。而教育应当让你成为你自己。现在它是让你成为一个模仿者；它教你如何像别人。这是错误的教育。正确的教育将教你如何成为你自己，真正地是你自己。你是独一无二的。没有别人像你，从来没有，永远不会有。这是神对你的巨大尊敬。这是你的荣耀，你是独特的。不要成为模仿的，不要成为拷贝。但那就是你们所谓的教育正在干的事：它制造拷贝；它摧毁了你原来的面目。

My view on education is that life should not be considered as a survival battle but a celebration. Life should not only be competitive but also be joyful. Education should make you resonate with the singing, dancing, poetry, music, drawing, and all the arts in the world, even the trees, birds, sky, sun and moon. Education should let you be as you are. But the present education makes you become an imitator and teaches you how to act like others. This kind of education is wrong. The right education will teach you how to be yourself, your true self. You are unique, and nobody has ever been or will be like you. It is the tremendous respect to you from God. It is your glory to be unique. Do not be an imitator or a copy. But that is just what your so-called education is doing: it makes copies and ruins your original face.

"教育"这个词有两个意思，都很美。一个是大家熟知的，虽然并未实践，那就是：从你里面抽出。"教育"的意思是：从你里面抽出，让你的潜力变为现实，就像从井里抽水一样。但那并未实践。

Education has two meanings, both of which are beautiful. One is known to all, drawing out from your inner being, which has not been practiced. Education means drawing out something from your inner being and letting your potential become the reality, just like pumping water from the well. But it has never been practiced.

相反，很多东西倒给你而不是从你抽出。地理，历史，科学，数学，他们不停地把这些倒给你。你变成鹦鹉。你被当作了计算机；他们就像喂计算机一样喂你。你们的教育机构就是灌输头脑的地方。

On the contrary, many things are poured into your mind but not drawn out from you. They ceaselessly pour geography, history, science and math into your mind, thus you become a parrot. You are treated as a computer. They breed you as if you were a computer. Your educational organizations are just a place for infusing your mind.

真正的教育将抽出隐藏在你里面的东西–神已经作为礼物给你了–只是发现它，显示它，让你发光。而这个词的意思甚至更深：“教育"这个词来自"educare”，它意思是将你从黑暗带到光明。一个非常重要的意义：从黑暗到光明。

The real education will draw out something hidden in you, which God has given to you as a gift. It only helps you discover and display it and let you glow. This word has deeper meaning: the word “educate” comes from the word “educare”, which means guiding you from dark to light. It is of great importance to go from dark to light.

人生活在黑暗中，无意识地–而人能够变得充满光明。火焰就在那里，只是需要挑起。意识就在那只是需要被唤醒，而它必须被唤醒。所有都给了你，你已经带着它；作为一个人只是他的身体这样的观念是错的，而这个观念就是很久以来巨大伤害的原因。

Man lives in the dark unconsciously, but he can be full of light. The flame is just there, which only needs to be enkindled. Consciousness is just there, which only needs to be awakened and must be awakened. All things have been given to you and you have taken it. It is a wrong idea that you are nothing but your body. This idea is the very cause of tremendous hurt for long.

人生下来只是一个机会。而很少有人到达–耶稣，佛陀，默罕默德。–他们变得充满了光，没有黑暗留下，当没有无意识在灵魂中逗留时。

A human is born to be nothing but an opportunity. Only a few men can reach the top as Jesus, Buddha and Mohanmode who become full of light, and there is no dark left when there is no unconsciousness lingering in the soul.

觉知，只是觉知，纯粹的觉知–只有这时一个人完成了。那时生活成了祝福。教育是将你从黑暗带向光明。那就是我在这里干的事。印度政府不准备接受我的工作从事教育。很自然，他们不可能接受，因为我不创造店员，站长和收税员。我在创造新人类。对他们来说，那是危险的。如果这是教育，那么他们不可能允许它发生。它是造反。我正教你成为你自己。我正教你无所畏惧；我正教你不向社会压力屈服；我正教你不要成为循规蹈矩的人。我正教你不要寻求安逸和方便，因为如果你寻求安逸和方便，社会将会给你，但是有代价的。而代价是巨大的：你得到了方便，但你失去了意识。你得到了舒适，但你失去了灵魂。你可以得到威望，但你对自己将不真诚；你是个假人；你背叛了神和你自己。

With awareness, only pure awareness – only then a human is finally made. Then life becomes a celebration. Education will lead you from dark to light, which is what I am doing here. The Indian government is not ready to accept my educational work. Naturally, they cannot accept my work because I do not create employees, stationmasters and taxmen. I am creating new humans. It is dangerous to them. If this can be regarded as education, they must not allow it to occur for it is a sort of rebellion. I am teaching you how to be yourself, how to be fearless, not to give in under the social pressures, not to follow the rules docilely and not to seek ease and convenience. If you seek ease and convenience, the society will give you, but a heavy price is needed. You get convenience but you lose consciousness. You get comfort but you lose soul. You may get reputation but you cannot be sincere to yourself. You are a false man because you betray God and yourself.

摘自奥修《金色的未来》，译于2003年5月。