Android 4.4前后版本读取图库图片和拍照完美解决方案

转自 http://blog.csdn.net/zbjdsbj/article/details/42387551

4.3或以下,选了图片之后,根据Uri来做处理,很多帖子都有了,我就不详细说了.主要是4.4,如果使用上面pick的原生方法来选图,返回的uri还是正常的,但如果用ACTION_GET_CONTENT的方法,返回的uri跟4.3是完全不一样的,4.3返回的是带文件路径的,而4.4返回的却是content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image:3951这样的,没有路径,只有图片编号的uri.这就导致接下来无法根据图片路径来裁剪的步骤了.

来自overflow大牛的方法，4.4得到的uri,需要以下方法来获取文件的路径：

 /**
  * 功能简述:4.4及以上获取图片的方法
  * 功能详细描述:
  * 注意:
  * @param context
  * @param uri
  * @return
  */
 @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
 public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

     final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;

     // DocumentProvider
     if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
         // ExternalStorageProvider
         if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
             final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
             final String[] split = docId.split(":");
             final String type = split[0];

             if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                 return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
             }
         }
         // DownloadsProvider
         else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {

             final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
             final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
                     Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));

             return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
         }
         // MediaProvider
         else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
             final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
             final String[] split = docId.split(":");
             final String type = split[0];

             Uri contentUri = null;
             if ("image".equals(type)) {
                 contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
             } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                 contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
             } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                 contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
             }

             final String selection = "_id=?";
             final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] };

             return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
         }
     }
     // MediaStore (and general)
     else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {

         // Return the remote address
         if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri))
             return uri.getLastPathSegment();

         return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
     }
     // File
     else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
         return uri.getPath();
     }

     return null;
 }

 public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
         String[] selectionArgs) {

     Cursor cursor = null;
     final String column = "_data";
     final String[] projection = { column };

     try {
         cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
                 null);
         if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
             final int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
             return cursor.getString(index);
         }
     } finally {
         if (cursor != null)
             cursor.close();
     }
     return null;
 }

 /**
  * @param uri The Uri to check.
  * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
  */
 public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
     return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
 }

 /**
  * @param uri The Uri to check.
  * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
  */
 public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
     return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
 }

 /**
  * @param uri The Uri to check.
  * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
  */
 public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
     return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
 }

 /**
  * @param uri The Uri to check.
  * @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.
  */
 public static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
     return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
 }

为什么会不一样呢？

Android 4.4（含）开始，通过方式访问图库后，返回的Uri如下（访问“最近”）：

 Uri is：content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A18838
 2 Uri.getPath is ：/document/image:18838
 3 对应的图片真实路径：/storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot_2014-09-22-21-40-53.png

不但如此，对于不同类型图库，返回的Uri形式并不相同（访问普通相册）：

 Uri is：content://media/external/images/media/18822
 2 Uri.getPath is ：/external/images/media/18822
 3 对应的图片真实路径：/storage/emulated/0/Download/20130224235013.jpg

而4.4之前返回的Uri只存在一种形式，如下：

 Uri is：content://media/external/images/media/14046
 2 Uri.getPath is ：/external/images/media/14046
 3 对应的图片真实路径：/storage/emulated/0/DCIM/Camera/20130224235013.jpg

因此，在Android 4.4或更高版本设备上，通过简单的getDataColumn(Context, Uri, null, null)进行图片数据库已经不能满足所有需求，因此在获取图片真实路径的时候需要根据不同类型区分对待。

版本判断：

 //版本比较：是否是4.4及以上版本
     final boolean mIsKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;

从相册选择照片方法比较：

 /**
      * 功能简述:4.4及以上从相册选择照片
      * 功能详细描述:
      * 注意:
      */
     @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
     private void SelectImageUriAfterKikat() {
         Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT);
         intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
         intent.setType("image/*");
         startActivityForResult(intent, SELECET_A_PICTURE_AFTER_KIKAT);
     }

 /**
      * 功能简述:4.4以下从相册选照片并剪切
      * 功能详细描述:
      * 注意:
      */
     private void cropImageUri() {
         Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT, null);
         intent.setType("image/*");
         intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
         intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
         intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
         intent.putExtra("outputX", 640);
         intent.putExtra("outputY", 640);
         intent.putExtra("scale", true);
         intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
         intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,
                 Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH, TMP_IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
         intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
         intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true); // no face detection
         startActivityForResult(intent, SELECT_A_PICTURE);
     }

4.4及以上选取照片后需要调用剪切方法：

 /**
      * 功能简述: 4.4及以上选取照片后剪切方法
      * 功能详细描述:
      * 注意:
      * @param uri
      */
     private void cropImageUriAfterKikat(Uri uri) {
         Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
         intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
         intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
         intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
         intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
         intent.putExtra("outputX", 640);
         intent.putExtra("outputY", 640);
         intent.putExtra("scale", true);
         intent.putExtra("return-data", true); //返回数据bitmap
         intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
         intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true); // no face detection
         startActivityForResult(intent, SET_ALBUM_PICTURE_KITKAT);
     }

拍照通用方法，对返回数据做处理：

 /**
      * 功能简述:对拍照的图片剪切
      * 功能详细描述:
      * 注意:
      * @param uri
      */
     private void cameraCropImageUri(Uri uri) {
         Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
         intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/jpeg");
         intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
         intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
         intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
         intent.putExtra("outputX", 640);
         intent.putExtra("outputY", 640);
         intent.putExtra("scale", true);
         if (mIsKitKat) {
             intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
         } else {
             intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
             intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
         }
         intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
         intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
         startActivityForResult(intent, SET_PICTURE);
     }

显示等处理如下：

 @Override
     protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
         super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
         if (requestCode == SELECT_A_PICTURE) {
             if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && null != data) {
                 Log.i("zou", "4.4以下的");
                 Bitmap bitmap = decodeUriAsBitmap(Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH,
                         TMP_IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
                 mAcountHeadIcon.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
             }
         } else if (requestCode == SELECET_A_PICTURE_AFTER_KIKAT) {
             if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && null != data) {
                 Log.i("zou", "4.4以上上的");
                 mAlbumPicturePath = getPath(MainActivity.this, data.getData());
                 cropImageUriAfterKikat(Uri.fromFile(new File(mAlbumPicturePath)));
             }
         } else if (requestCode == SET_ALBUM_PICTURE_KITKAT) {
             Log.i("zou", "4.4以上上的 RESULT_OK");
             Bitmap bitmap = data.getParcelableExtra("data");
             mAcountHeadIcon.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
         } else if (requestCode == TAKE_A_PICTURE) {
             Log.i("zou", "resultCode:" + resultCode);
             cameraCropImageUri(Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH, IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
         } else if (requestCode == SET_PICTURE) {
             Log.i("zou", "SET_PICTURE-resultCode:" + resultCode);

             Bitmap bitmap = null;
             if (mIsKitKat) {
                 if (null != data) {
                     bitmap = data.getParcelableExtra("data");
                 }
             } else {
                 bitmap = decodeUriAsBitmap(Uri.fromFile(new File(IMGPATH, IMAGE_FILE_NAME)));
             }
             mAcountHeadIcon.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
         }
     }

GIthub工程地址：https://github.com/ZBJDSBJ/CameraDemo