【雷达与对抗】【2015.05】MIMO雷达信号处理波形设计及其在合成孔径成像中的应用

本文为美国乔治亚理工学院（作者：Michael S. Davis）的博士论文，共149页。

本文分析了多输入多输出（MIMO）雷达技术提高合成孔径成像系统图像质量和区域覆盖率的能力。利用MIMO雷达的信号处理体系结构，研究了MIMO在合成孔径雷达（SAR）和合成孔径声纳（SAS）系统中的适用性。MIMO SAR/SAS被证明是标准多通道合成孔径成像技术的自然延伸，除了用于多通道接收外，还可以利用发射自由度。距离旁瓣性能的下降以及对图像质量的影响被认为是MIMO SAR/SAS的主要障碍。提出了一种新的失配滤波方法来缓解这一问题。本文推导了抽样理论中的新结果，使广义平稳随机过程非均匀抽样时出现的混叠可以量化。这些结果被应用于重复采样的情况，并用于量化方位模糊对MIMO SAR/SAS图像对比度的影响。

This dissertation analyzes the capability of multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) radar techniques to improve the image quality and area-coverage rate of synthetic aperture imaging systems. A signal processing architecture for MIMO radar is used to understand the applicability of MIMO for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) systems. MIMO SAR/SAS is shown to be a natural extension of standard multichannel synthetic aperture imaging techniques to exploit transmit degrees of freedom in addition to those used on receive. Degradation in range sidelobe performance and the associated impact on image quality is identified as a key impediment to MIMO SAR/SAS. A novel mismatched filtering approach is presented to mitigate this issue. New results in sampling theory are derived that allow the aliasing that occurs when a wide-sense stationary random process is non-uniformly sampled to be quantified. These results are applied to the case of recurrent sampling and used to quantify the impact of azimuth ambiguities on MIMO SAR/SAS image contrast.

1 引言

2 MIMO雷达信号处理

3 MIMO合成孔径成像

4 MIMO雷达中的距离旁瓣控制

5 重复采样与多通道采样

6 多通道SAR/SAS的混叠

7 结论

附录A 广义平稳随机过程

附录B 重复采样信号的频谱

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