基于MATLAB的随机抽样一致性算法（RANSAC）

网上有许多关于随机抽样一致性算法的介绍，我理解的就是用这个算法可以在一堆离散数据中找到在一条直线上的数据，步骤如下：

（1）新建一个ransac_demo.m的脚本，代码如下：

function [bestParameter1,bestParameter2] = ransac_demo(data,num,iter,threshDist,inlierRatio)
 % data: a 2xn dataset with #n data points
 % num: the minimum number of points. For line fitting problem, num=2
 % iter: the number of iterations
 % threshDist: the threshold of the distances between points and the fitting line
 % inlierRatio: the threshold of the number of inliers 
 
 %% Plot the data points
 figure;plot(data(1,:),data(2,:),'o');hold on;
 number = size(data,2); % Total number of points
 bestInNum = 0; % Best fitting line with largest number of inliers
 bestParameter1=0;bestParameter2=0; % parameters for best fitting line
 for i=1:iter
 %% Randomly select 2 points
     idx = randperm(number,num); sample = data(:,idx);   
 %% Compute the distances between all points with the fitting line 
     kLine = sample(:,2)-sample(:,1);% two points relative distance
     kLineNorm = kLine/norm(kLine);
     normVector = [-kLineNorm(2),kLineNorm(1)];%Ax+By+C=0 A=-kLineNorm(2),B=kLineNorm(1)
     distance = normVector*(data - repmat(sample(:,1),1,number));
 %% Compute the inliers with distances smaller than the threshold
     inlierIdx = find(abs(distance)<=threshDist);
     inlierNum = length(inlierIdx);
 %% Update the number of inliers and fitting model if better model is found     
     if inlierNum>=round(inlierRatio*number) && inlierNum>bestInNum
         bestInNum = inlierNum;
         parameter1 = (sample(2,2)-sample(2,1))/(sample(1,2)-sample(1,1));
         parameter2 = sample(2,1)-parameter1*sample(1,1);
         bestParameter1=parameter1; bestParameter2=parameter2;
     end
 end
 
 %% Plot the best fitting line
 xAxis = -number/2:number/2; 
 yAxis = bestParameter1*xAxis + bestParameter2;
 plot(xAxis,yAxis,'r-','LineWidth',2);
end

（2）直接调用：

%x,y为1xm的数组
data = [x;y];
ransac_demo(data,100,100,1,0.1);