linux 环境变量管理系列(1)："sudo", "source activate env_name"

sudo 如何保持 PATH？

• 问题：sudo 后 PATH 后改变

  (action) fanglin@lab704-SYS-7048GR-TR:~$ python -V
  Python 3.6.5 :: Anaconda, Inc.
  (action) fanglin@lab704-SYS-7048GR-TR:~$ sudo python -V
  Python 2.7.12
  

• 解决方法：将 sudo command 改为 sudo env "PATH=$PATH" command 即可保持 PATH，来源：stackoverflow.com: Why does sudo change the PATH?

source activate 如何自动更新环境变量

• 问题: 运行 source activate env_name 之后再运行 python -V 仍然是旧环境中的 python

• 解决办法：

  1. Locate the directory for the conda environment in your terminal window by running in the terminal echo $CONDA_PREFIX.

  2. Enter that directory and create these subdirectories and files:

     cd $CONDA_PREFIX
     mkdir -p ./etc/conda/activate.d
     mkdir -p ./etc/conda/deactivate.d
     touch ./etc/conda/activate.d/env_vars.sh
     touch ./etc/conda/deactivate.d/env_vars.sh
     

  3. Edit ./etc/conda/activate.d/env_vars.sh as follows:

     #!/bin/sh
     
     export MY_KEY='secret-key-value'
     export MY_FILE=/path/to/my/file/
     

  4. Edit ./etc/conda/deactivate.d/env_vars.sh as follows:

     #!/bin/sh
     
     unset MY_KEY
     unset MY_FILE
     

  When you run conda activate analytics, the environment variables MY_KEY and MY_FILE are set to the values you wrote into the file. When you run conda deactivate, those variables are erased.

• 来源：

  1. manage-environments
  2. Anaconda配置特定环境的环境变量