1. 概述
1.1. 选择一种安装类型
Sakai 2.2.1 提供三种不同的安装类型：
| Demo: |
Demo 版包括了 tomcat 和预装好的 webapps ，所以唯一预先要做的就是提供 JDK 1.4.2 或者更高版本的 java 环境。但是该版本只适合小范围应用，适合于进行软件评估和单服务器的应用。 |
| Binary: |
如果你有一个已经配置好的 tomcat ，这种安装类型提供了一个简单的安装方式，即直接解压 sakai 应用包到 tomcat ，而不需要通过专业的 build ，适合于不需要代码级改动的应用要求。 |
| Source: |
这种方式只提供源代码，安装前须提供 tomcat 、专业 build 工具、数据库。用户可以通过 build 配置来自定义需安装的组件。 |
1.2. Demo 安装
Demo 安装是非常简单直接的，其最关键的就是确保正确的 java 环境。安装步骤如下：
1. 配置 java 的安装路径（ JAVA_HOME ），详见第二部分要求。
2. 下载并解压 demo 压缩包。
| Windows: |
demo archive |
| Mac/*nix: |
demo archive |
3. 用以下命令启动 tomcat ，脚本在 tomcat 根目录。
| Windows: |
start-sakai.bat |
| Mac/*nix: |
start-sakai.sh |
Tomcat 启动后，可以通过地址： http://localhost:8080/portal 来进行访问。具体怎么使用 sakai ，参见第六部分说明。
停止 sakai 的方式： :
| Windows: |
stop-sakai.bat |
Demo 安装特别注意事项：
| 数据存储 |
Demo 安装版的数据保存在 HypersonicSQL database (HSQLDB) 中，运行时，数据存放在内存中， tomcat 停止时写回文件，文件位于： sakai-demo/sakai/db/sakai.db.* . |
| 没有 email 配置 |
Sakai 的 demo 版没有配置 email |
1.3. 二 进制安装
对于已经有了配置好的 tomcat 服务器的用户，二进制安装提供了一种快捷的安装模式。 Tomcat 的具体配置要求详见第二部分说明。通过解压预先编译好的 sakai 安装包到 tomcat 的根目录即可。
如果你希望配置自己的安装目录，你必须手工配置 CATALINA_HOME ，以指定你的 sakai 安装目录，具体见第四部分说明。
1.4. 源代码安装
Demo 和二进制安装提供了一种快速的方式来使用 sakai ，但是这两种安装方式都不能作代码级的改变。源代码安装方式提供了一种定制安装，这种安装方式相对复杂，具体有以下几个大的步骤：
1. 配置安装环境，包括 java 、 tomcat 和专业编译工具。
2. 编译和发布，通过专业编译工具来发布 sakai 。
3. 根据需要，对 sakai 应用进行安装后配置。
4. 如果需要，进行数据库配置。
1.5. 从以前版本移植
2.2.1 a dds only bug fixes to 2.2.0, and so a transition between the two should be straightforward. If you have been running 2.2.0 already, you should be able to deploy 2.2.1 with confidence: it will not break your skins, providers, or other 2.2 code.
If you are moving from an earlier 2.1 or 2.0 codebase, however, 2.2 involves some significant changes: in tools, DB schema, and APIs. Migrating to 2.2 from a previous release therefore requires close attention to detail. Be sure to go over the release notes carefully, and a few key hurdles are identified below:
| sakai.properties: |
The 2.2 framework refactoring means that many package names have changed, and these differences will mainly be encountered in sakai.properties settings which reference beans. It's best to not try to use a sakai.properties from a previous release, and instead start with the sample in reference/docs/sakai.properties . |
| DB conversion scripts: |
Every release has DB conversion scripts, and 2.2.1 is no exception. Be sure, however, to read these scripts over carefully before executing them on your production data. They do not take into account any special customizations you may have done, and you may need to alter them for your situation. See the Database Configuration section for more details. |
| Provisional tools: |
A few contrib tools that schools may have already put into production are now provisional with 2.2 releases. The DB conversion scripts in particular assume that these new provisional tools are not represented in your schema, and attempt to introduce them. If you have already deployed Message Center , Post 'Em , Search , or Summary Calendar on a production system, you'll want to be sure to avoid running the portions of the conversion scripts that pertain to them. Again, see the Database Configuration section for more details. |
| Providers: |
Among the changes that 2.2 introduces is a separation of external user identifiers from Sakai 's internal user ids. Any custom UserDirectoryProvider will need some alteration to account for this, along with changes to its import statements and declarations that stem from API changes. See the release notes for more details. |
2. 安装环境配置
2.1. 验证 java 安装版本
检查你的系统中是否装有 java （版本在 1.4.2 或更高），以下以 *nix 系统为例：
$ java -version
java version " 1.5.0 _06"
Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build 1.5.0 _06-b05)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 1.5.0 _06-b05, mixed mode)
如果你选择了源代码安装方式，必须确保你安装了 J2SE ，而不仅仅是 JRE 。
2.2. 验证 java 环境变量
有两个 java 环境变量 JAVA_HOME 、 PATH 需要配置。 配置方式如下：
| Windows: |
Set the (or create a new) environment variable JAVA_HOME to C:\jdk 1.5.0 _06 . |
|
| Mac/*nix: |
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/java-current |
|
| Windows: |
Append the string ;C:\jdk 1.5.0 _06\bin to the end of the system variable named Path. |
|
| Mac: |
Not necessary. |
|
| *nix: |
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin/ |
|
2.3. 安装 Tomcat
Sakai 2.2.1 推荐使用 Tomcat 5.5.17 。具体安装方法略。
2.4. 配置 Tomcat
Sakai 支持 UTF-8 字符集，所以必须配置 tomcat 接受 UTF-8 URLs ，因为 tomcat 将 ISO-8859-1 作为其缺省的 URL 编码。通过编辑 $CATALINA_HOME/conf/server.xml 文件，增加 URIEncoding="UTF-8" 属性到 <connector> 标记里面，即可改变 tomcat 的 URL 字符集的配置。以下是示例：
<Connector port="8080" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" debug="0"
connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
2.5. 安装 Maven
Maven 是 sakai 用的一种 build 工具。当前 sakai 要求的稳定版本是 1.0.2 ，可以从 http://maven.apache.org/start/download.html 下载
Maven 的更新版本
当前已经有了 maven1.1beta 版和 moven2.0 版，但是对于 sakai2.2 来说， maven 1.0.2 版才能真正适合 sakai 的许多插件。
Moven 的安装就是直接解压到一个指定位置即可。
2.6. 配置 Maven
为了使用 maven ，你必须配置两个环境变量，并且利用 maven 提供的脚本创建一个本地存储区。以下是环境变量和创建 maven 存储区的示例：
| Windows: |
Create a new MAVEN_HOME environment variable to C:\maven- 1.0.2 . Then append to the PATH variable ;C:\maven-1.0.2\bin |
|
| Mac/*nix: |
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/maven; export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin |
|
| Windows: |
install_repo.bat %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%\.maven\repository |
|
| Mac/*nix: |
install_repo.sh $HOME/.maven/repository |
|
你需要在你的根目录下创建一个 build 属性文件，在这个文件里，将定义一些 sakai 编译的基本参数。在根目录创建一个名为 build.properties 的文本文件， 拷贝以下内容到文件中：
maven.repo.remote=http://source.sakaiproject.org/maven/
maven.tomcat.home= /usr/local/tomcat/
最后，为了确保你能够起动 maven ，运行 maven –v 命令，将起动 maven 并报告其版本。
注：需下载的相关依赖：（以下列出的依赖文件最好事先下载，并存放到相关目录（目录为 .maven/repository ，从 http://source.sakaiproject.org/maven/ 处下载）
tomcat/zips/ apache-tomcat- 5.5.17 .zip
tomcat/zips/ apache-tomcat-compat- 5.5.17 .zip
tomcat/jars/naming-resources-tomcat- 5.5.17 .jar
tomcat/jars/catalina-tomcat- 5.5.17 .jar
tomcat/jars/catalina-optional-tomcat- 5.5.17 .jar
tomcat/jars / jmx-tomcat- 5.5.17 .jar
sakaiproject/plugins/sakai-2.2.jar
commons-jelly/jars/commons-jelly-tags-jsl-20030211.143151.jar
commons-jelly/jars/commons-jelly-tags-log-20030211.142821.jar
commons-jelly/jars/commons-jelly-tags-velocity-20030303.205659.jar
commons-jelly/jars/commons-jelly-tags-antlr-20030211.143720.jar
commons-dbcp/jars/commons-dbcp- 1.2.1 .jar
commons-dbcp/jars/commons-dbcp-1.2.jar
commons-dbcp/jars/commons-dbcp-1.1.jar
commons-pool/jars/commons-pool-1.2.jar
commons-pool/jars/commons-pool-1.3.jar
commons-net/jars/commons-net- 1.1.0 .jar
commons-logging/jars/commons-logging- 1.0.4 .jar
commons-el/jars/commons-el-1.0.jar
commons-id/jars/commons-id-0.1-dev.jar
commons-fileupload/jars/commons-fileupload-1.0.jar
commons-fileupload/jars/commons-fileupload-1.1.jar
commons-digester/jars/commons-digester-1.6.jar
commons-collections/jars/commons-collections-3.1.jar
commons-collections/jars/commons-collections- 2.1.1 .jar
commons-beanutils/jars/commons-beanutils- 1.7.0 .jar
commons-lang/jars/commons-lang-2.1.jar
commons-codec/jars/commons-codec-1.2.jar
commons-codec/jars/commons-codec-1.3.jar
commons-validator/jars/commons-validator- 1.3.0 .jar
commons-validator/jars/commons-validator- 1.0.2 .jar
commons-io/jars/commons-io-1.1.jar
commons-discovery/jars/commons-discovery-0.2.jar
commons-jxpath/jars/commons-jxpath-1.1.jar
commons-resources/jars/commons-resources-0.1-dev.jar
commons-math/jars/commons-math-1.0.jar
velocity/jars/velocity-1.4-dev.jar
velocity/jars/velocity- 1.3.1 .jar
velocity/jars/velocity-dep- 1.3.1 .jar
velocity-dvsl/jars/velocity-dvsl-0.45.jar
velocity/jars/velocity-1.4.jar
isorelax/jars/isorelax-20030108.jar
thaiopensource /jars/jing-20030619.jar
jsch/jars/jsch- 0.1.5 .jar
taglibrarydoc/jars/tlddoc-1.2.jar
servletapi/jars/servletapi-2.4.jar
org.springframework/jars/spring- 1.2.8 .jar
junit/jars/junit- 3.8.1 .jar
antlr/jars/antlr- 2.7.2 .jar
antlr/jars/antlr- 2.7.6 rc1.jar
jdom/jars/jdom-1.0.jar
org.hibernate/jars/hibernate- 3.1.3 .jar
jsf/jars/ jsf-api-1.1.01.jar
myfaces/jars/ myfaces-all-1.1.1.jar
myfaces/jars/myfaces- 1.0.9 .jar
myfaces/jars/tomahawk- 1.1.1 .jar
jspapi/jars/jsp-api-2.0.jar
jsf/jars/jsf-impl- 1.1.01 .jar
jstl/jars/jstl- 1.0.2 .jar
jstl/jars/jstl- 1.1.2 .jar
taglibs/jars/standard- 1.0.4 .jar
taglibs/jars/standard- 1.1.2 .jar
concurrent/jars/concurrent- 1.3.4 .jar
logkit/jars/logkit-1.2.jar
oro/jars/oro- 2.0.8 .jar
oro/jars/oro- 2.0.7 .jar
oro/jars/oro- 2.0.6 .jar
javamail/jars/mail- 1.3.1 .jar
activation/jars/activation- 1.0.2 .jar
hsqldb/jars/hsqldb- 1.7.3 .3.jar
hsqldb/jars/hsqldb- 1.7.3 .0.jar
cglib/jars/cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar
cglib/jars/cglib-full- 2.0.2 .jar
dom4j/jars/dom4j- 1.6.1 .jar
dom4j/jars/dom4j-1.6.jar
dom4j/jars/dom4j-1.4.jar
ehcache/jars/ehcache-1.1.jar
jdbc/jars/jdbc2_0-stdext-h 2.1.8 .jar
jta/jars/jta-h 2.1.8 .jar
jta/jars/jta- 1.0.1 b.jar
xalan/jars/xalan- 2.6.0 .jar
xalan/jars/xalan- 2.3.1 .jar
xerces/jars/xercesImpl- 2.6.2 .jar
xerces/jars/xmlParserAPIs- 2.6.2 .jar
xerces/jars/xercesImpl- 2.0.2 .jar
xml-apis/jars/xml-apis- 2.0.2 .jar
aopalliance/jars/ aopalliance-1.0.jar
portlet-api/jars/portlet-api- 1.0.1 .jar
org.springframework/jars/spring-mock- 1.2.6 .jar
avalon-framework/jars/ avalon-framework-20020627.jar
avalon-framework/jars/avalon-framework-api- 4.2.0 .jar
avalon-framework/jars/avalon-framework-impl- 4.2.0 .jar
avalon-framework/jars/avalon-framework- 4.1.3 .jar
avalon-phoenix/jars/avalon-phoenix-bsh-commands- 4.0.4 .jar
avalon-phoenix/jars/avalon-phoenix-client- 4.0.4 .jar
avalon-phoenix/jars/avalon-phoenix-loader- 4.0.4 .jar
avalon-phoenix/jars/avalon-phoenix-engine- 4.0.4 .jar
fop/jars/fop- 0.20.5 .jar
fop/jars/fop-20060405.jar
fop/jars/xmlgraphics-commons-snapshot.jar
batik/jars/batik-1.5-fop-0.20-5.jar
batik/jars/batik-awt-util-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-bridge-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-css-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-dom-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-ext-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-extension-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-gui-util-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-gvt-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-parser-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-rasterizer-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-rasterizer-ext.jar
batik/jars/batik-script-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-slideshow-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-squiggle-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-squiggle-ext-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-squiggle-ext.jar
batik/jars/batik-svg-dom-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-svggen-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-svgpp-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-swing-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-transcoder-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-ttf2svg-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-util-1.6.jar
batik/jars/batik-xml-1.6.jar
odmg/jars/odmg-3.0.jar
log4j/jars/log4j- 1.2.9 .jar
poi/jars/poi- 2.5.1 .jar
poi/jars/poi-3.0-alpha1-20060424.jar
poi/jars/poi-scratchpad-3.0-alpha1-20060424.jar
lucene/jars/lucene- 1.4.3 .jar
lucene/jars/lucene-core- 1.9.1 .jar
lucene/jars/lucene-misc- 1.9.1 .jar
easymock/jars/easymock-1.1.jar
jtidy/jars/jtidy-4aug2000r7-dev.jar
pdfbox/jars/pdfbox- 0.7.1 .jar
james-phoenix/jars/cornerstone-jp 2.1.3 .jar
james-phoenix/jars/excalibur-baxter -1.0a .jar
james-phoenix/jars/jing-jp 2.1.3 .jar
james-phoenix/jars/james- 2.1.3 .j
dnsjava/jars/dnsjava- 1.2.3 .jar
excalibur-datasource/jars/excalibur-datasource- 1.1.1 .jar
excalibur-cli/jars/excalibur-cli-1.0.jar
excalibur-collections/jars/excalibur-collections-1.0.jar
excalibur-concurrent/jars/excalibur-concurrent-1.0.jar
excalibur-configuration/jars/excalibur-configuration-1.0.jar
excalibur-containerkit/jars/ excalibur-containerkit-1.0.jar
excalibur-extension/jars/excalibur-extension-1.0.jar
excalibur-i18n/jars/excalibur-i18n-1.0.jar
excalibur-instrument/jars/excalibur-instrument-0.1.jar
excalibur-io/jars/excalibur-io-1.1.jar
excalibur-logger/jars/excalibur-logger-1.0.jar
excalibur-pool/jars/excalibur-pool-1.0.jar
excalibur-thread/jars/excalibur-thread-1.0.jar
excalibur/jars/excalibur-threadcontext-1.0.jar
excalibur-util/jars/excalibur-util-1.0.jar
mx4j/jars/mx4j-jmx- 2.0.1 .jar
mx4j/jars/mx4j-tools- 1.1.1 .jar
rome/jars/rome-0.7.jar
OKI/jars/OkiOSID-2.0.ja
OKI/jars/okiRegistry- 2005-10-19 .jar
OKI/jars/okiSearchAdjusters- 2005-10-19 .jar
OKI/jars/OkiSID-rc6.1.jar
nekohtml/jars/nekohtml- 0.9.5 .jar
axis/jars/axis-1.3.jar
axis/jars/axis-1.1.jar
axis/jars/axis-ant-1.1.jar
axis/jars/axis-jaxrpc-1.3.jar
axis/jars/axis-saaj-1.3.jar
axis/jars/axis-wsdl4j- 1.5.1 .jar
axis/jars/ axis-saaj-1.2-RC1.jar
axis/jars/axis-jaxrpc-1.2-RC1.jar
navigo/jars/OKI-SPRING-HIBERNATE-0.jar
navigo/jars/SakaiBaseFramework-1.0.a1.jar
jaxen/jars/jaxen-1.0-FCS-full.jar
ojb/jars/db-ojb-1.0.rc6.jar
saxpath/jars/saxpath-1.0-FCS.jar
struts/jars/struts-1.1.jar
wsdl4j/jars/wsdl4j-1.4.jar
quartz/jars/quartz- 1.4.0 .jar
quartz/jars/quartz- 1.5.1 .jar
websphinx/jars/websphinx-0.5.jar
openldap/jars/ldap-2005.03.29.jar