经济学人精读 [54] The Economist| Feeling green

经济学人精读  The Economist [54]

选自| January 13 2018 | China |板块

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#Eva导读#

去年12月，中国政府发布了第一个年度“绿色指数”报告，将31个省级政府按照6个衡量标准排名，包括绿色增长，自然资源利用效率和环境管理。除此之外，报告中还包括了关于居民对他们环境“主观”满意程度调查的结果。调查结果显示，大部分居民的主观感受与环境质量客观指数的相关程度是合理的，但是也有一些显著的异常值。天津市民对他们环境的满意程度超出了人们的预想，虽然其在客观指数的排名中垫底。而北京对环境的主观不满意程度比政府的客观指数排名更低，虽然北京今冬的天异常的蓝。作者猜测，这也许是因为首都环境的缺点是异常难以用指标衡量的，也许是因为首都居民异常难以满足。

#以上，个人总结和理解，欢迎批评指正，欢迎留言讨论

#有输出才有进步

The environment[环境]

Feeling green[绿色感受]

Gauging public opinion is hard. Explaining it is harder[判断大众的观点是困难的。解释大众的观点难上加难]

CHINA’S leaders no longer paysingle-minded[一心一意的]homage[崇敬，敬意]to thecult[崇拜]of GDP[中国领导人对GDP的崇拜不再是一心一意的追崇]. But although their goals have become moreeclectic[博采众长的], they often pursue them in much the same way: by setting measurable, quantitative targets that are used to rate and motivate provincial officials[但是，尽管他们的目标变得更加博采众长，他们通常用相同的方式达到目标：通过设立可衡量的量化目标，来为省级政府官员打分，并激励他们]. 

In December the government published its first annual “green index”, ranking all 31 provincial-level governments by sixyardsticks[衡量标准], including green growth, the efficient use of natural resources and environmental management[去年12月，政府发布了第一个年度“绿色指数”报告，将31个省级政府按照6个衡量标准排名，包括绿色增长，自然资源利用效率和环境管理]. This “objective” index was accompanied by a survey of residents’ “subjective” satisfaction with their environment, a rare example of officials asking people directly how they feel about the government’s work and publishing the results[伴随这个“客观”指数报告的是一份关于居民对他们环境“主观”满意程度的调查，这种政府直接询问大众对政府工作的感受并发布结果的做法十分少见]. To guard against bias, each region’s survey was carried out bypollsters[民意调查者]from elsewhere, who telephoned a random sample of residents[为了防止偏见，每一个区域的调查是由其他区域民意调查者执行，他们向随机样本中的大众打电话]. 

The responses correlated reasonably well with the authorities’ objective index of environmental quality (one of the six components of the overall green index) but there were some notable outliers(see chart)[回复与官方环境质量客观指数（整体绿色指数的6个指标之一）的相关程度是合理的，但是也有一些显著的异常值（见图表）]. 

The residents of Tianjin, a northern municipality close to Beijing, were more satisfied with their environment than one would expect, given that it ranked bottom on the objective index[天津，是临近北京的一个北方直辖市，其居民对他们环境的满意程度超出了所有人的预想，考虑到它在客观指数的排名中垫底]. People in the desert-like provinces of Xinjiang and Ningxia were also surprisingly satisfied[在新疆和宁夏这种类似荒漠省份的居民也同样出乎意料的满意]. Beijingers, on the other hand, were far more unhappy even than their city’s unimpressive ranking of 28th on the objective index (and an unusually blue-skied winter) would appear to warrant[另一方面，北京居民的不满意程度甚至超过了他们在客观指标上似乎可以保证的排名（以及一个异常蓝的冬天），排在不令人满意的第28位]. Perhaps the capital’s environmental shortcomings are unusually hard to measure[也许，首都环境的缺点是异常难以衡量的]. Or perhaps its citizens are unusually hard to please[或许是首都居民异常难以满足].

Jan 19 | 266 words

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