牛客网多校赛第9场 E-Music Game【概率期望】【逆元】

链接:https://www.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/147/E
来源:牛客网
 

时间限制:C/C++ 1秒,其他语言2秒
空间限制:C/C++ 262144K,其他语言524288K
64bit IO Format: %lld

题目描述

Niuniu likes to play OSU!

We simplify the game OSU to the following problem.

 

Given n and m, there are n clicks. Each click may success or fail.

For a continuous success sequence with length X, the player can score X^m.

The probability that the i-th click success is p[i]/100.

We want to know the expectation of score.

As the result might be very large (and not integral), you only need to output the result mod 1000000007.

输入描述:

The first line contains two integers, which are n and m.
The second line contains n integers. The i-th integer is p[i].

1 <= n <= 1000
1 <= m <= 1000
0 <= p[i] <= 100

输出描述:

You should output an integer, which is the answer.

 

示例1

输入

复制

3 4
50 50 50

输出

复制

750000020

说明

000 0
001 1
010 1
011 16
100 1
101 2
110 16
111 81

The exact answer is (0 + 1 + 1 + 16 + 1 + 2 + 16 + 81) / 8 = 59/4.
As 750000020 * 4 mod 1000000007 = 59
You should output 750000020.

备注:

If you don't know how to output a fraction mod 1000000007,
You may have a look at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_multiplicative_inverse

 

感觉最近需要好好补一下数学方面的题目包括概率期望什么的 平时接触的太少了

看题解说要用什么第二类斯特林数 什么玩意啊 根本没听过 多校赛到处都是别人很熟的而我们听都没听过的东西

但是看了一下别的题解其实也没有那么难吧

顺便学习了一下分数取模的方法

一个数a乘一个数b对p取模 和a乘b的逆元对p取模结果是一样的

求逆元最方便的方法是用扩展欧几里得

https://blog.csdn.net/stray_lambs/article/details/52133141这篇博客讲欧几里得讲的还是蛮细的

但是我还是没有很明白题解里求的inv 是什么道理

下面说说题目的主体思路

首先用快速幂预处理得分

用pos[i][j]表示从 i 到 j 这段区间全部是获胜的概率

pos[i][j]肯定是可以有pos[i][j - 1]推出来的

枚举i , j 表示从i + 1 到 j - 1都连续胜利利用期望的可加性E(X+Y)=E(X)+E(Y);

这段的期望就是(i失败的概率)*(j失败的概率)*(i-j连续获胜的概率)*(分数)


#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define inf 1e18
using namespace std;

const long long mod = 1e9 + 7;
const int maxn = 1005;
long long m, n, p[maxn];
long long ipowm[maxn], pos[maxn][maxn];
long long qpow(long long x, long long m)
{
    long long ans = 1;
    while(m){
        if(m & 1){
            ans = ans * x % mod;
        }
        x = x * x % mod;
        m = m >> 1;
    }
    return ans;
}

long long exgcd(long long a, long long b, long long &x, long long &y)
{
    if(a == 0 && b == 0)
        return -1;
    if(b == 0){
        x = 1;
        y = 0;
        return a;
    }
    long long d = exgcd(b, a % b, y, x);
    y -= a / b * x;
    return d;
}
//扩展欧几里得求逆元 用于分数取模
long long mod_rev(long long a, long long n)
{
    long long x, y;
    long long d = exgcd(a, n, x, y);
    if(d == 1)
        return (x % n + n) % n;
    else return -1;
}

int main()
{
    long long inv = mod_rev(100ll, mod);//因为这里概率还要除以100,所以第一个参数写100, 第二个参数就是模
    //cout<

 

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