被动语态

一.构成：英语动词有主动和被动两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。  be+done（动词的过去分词）

例句：He wrote the letter.     

变成被动语态：The letter was wrotten by him.

be done 中的be动词体现了时态、人称、数的变化，同时也是助动词。

1.下面用“我被告诉”举例

我被告诉

2.疑问句：那儿说英语吗？

英：Is English spoken there?

3.否定式：那儿不说英语。

英：English is not spoken there.

4.带有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done

例句：这事一定要做。

英：It must be done.

5.带有不定式的被动语态：to be done

例句：下一步该干什么？

英：What is to be done  next?

二.主动语态变被动语态

注意两点：1.主动变被动时，谓语动词的人称和数要与被动结构的主语保持一致

2.变被动语态，时态要保持一致

例句1.  I usually borrow books from the library.

变被动：The boos are usually borrowed by me from library.(一般现在时)

例句2：Each of us told a story at the party.

变被动：A story was told by each of us at the party.(一般过去时)

例句3：We will discuss the problem tomorrow.

变被动：The problem will be discussed by us tomorrow.(一般将来时)

例句4.The children are planting trees in the park.

变被动：The trees are being planted by children in the park.(现在进行时)

例句5：XQ was doing his homework this thime yesterday.

变被动：The homework was being done by XQ this time yesterday.(过去进行时)

例句6：She has read the novel already.

变被动：The novel has been read by her already.(现在完成时)

例句7：We had learned 2000 English words by the end of last term.

变被动： 2000 English words had been learend by us by the end of last term.(过去完成时)

例句8：XQ has been writing the letter by now.

变被动：The letter has been being written by XQ by now.(现在完成进行时)

例句8：XQ said he would make a kite for XH.

变被动：XQ said a kite wolde be made for XH by him.(过去将来时)

例句9：We can finish the project within 10 days.

变被动：The project can be finished by us within 10 days.(带情态动词变被动)

注意：省to的动词不定式用于被动语态要还原to

例句1：The teacher made the students do the homework.

变被动：The students were made to do homework by the teacher.

例句2：XH watched XQ play basketball with his friends.

变被动：XQ was watched to play basketball with his friends by XH.