2021-12-13

#口语粉碎机# L1-Day13

【学号】:25723

作业分析四步走:

1. 确定句子想要表达的核心意思

2. 确定句子内部关系

3. 确定时态

4. 确定修饰成分

1.凡是杀不死你的都会让你变得更强。(什么关系?主语是什么?)

我的答案:What don’t kill you makes you stronger.

解析答案:What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.

【句子分析】

内部关系:动作关系

句子成分:What doesn’t kill you(主语从句) makes(谓) you(宾) stronger(宾补).

【对比分析】

我的答案:不能杀死你的(主语从句) 让(你 宾语) 更强(宾补)

时态:谚语类的表达不受时间的控制。一般现在时即可。

      此句表示客观的陈述,那些杀不死你的。

【拓展内容】

kill 形容词+名词

                adj.  kill time 消磨时间;kill sth. 毁灭、破坏,kill a rumour平息谣言;kill sb. ①(it kills sb to do sth)使痛苦,My feet are killing me.双脚痛死了;②笑的前仰后合,Stop it! You are killing me!你把我笑死了。 kill sb/sth off ①大量杀死、消灭(动植物等);②除掉、排除

                n. the kill 杀死/捕杀;被捕杀的动物、猎物

2.早起是一个好习惯。

我的答案:Getting up early is a good habit.

解析答案:Getting up early is a good habit.

【句子分析】

内部关系:描述关系

句子成分:Getting up early(主) is(系) a good habit(表)

【对比分析】

不定式 to get up early 与 动名词 getting up early的区别

不定式侧重一次具体的行为,这次早起

动名词侧重习惯,一贯的行为,一直早起

【拓展内容】

Use sth for sth /for doing sth

The blue files are used for storing old invoices

蓝色卷宗是用来存放旧发票的。

Use sth to do sth

Police used tear gas to disperse the crowds.

Use sth as sth

You can’t keep using your bad back as an excuse.

你不能老拿腰疼当托词。


3.别等了。在这等没用。 

我的答案:Don't wait.there is no use waiting here.

解析答案:Don’t wait any more. It’s no use waiting here。

【句子分析】

内部关系:前句动作,后句描述

句子成分:Don’t wait any more(谓)It(主)is(系) no use(表) waiting here(真正的主语)

【对比分析】

区别:anymore  再也(不),(不)再,常用于否定句和疑问句句末

She doesn’t live here any more.

Why doesn’t he speak to me any more?     

【拓展内容】

any more (常用于否定句和疑问句句末)再也(不),(不)再 wait【后面不能直接跟名词】: wait+adv./prep. ; wait for sb/sth (to do); wait to do sth; wait your turn

4.我最喜欢的就是跟家人共度时光。

我的答案:My favorite thing is spending time with my family.

解析答案:What I enjoy most is spending time with my family.

【句子分析】

内部关系:描述关系

句子成分:What I enjoy most(主语从句) is(系动词) spending time with my family(表)

【对比分析】

我最喜欢的事 是 spengding (动名词作表语)我最喜欢的事,用主语从句表达   

【拓展内容】

Spend time with  enjoy:~ sth;~ doing;~ yourself

like:~ sb./sth;~doing;~ to do;~ sb/sth doing sth(I didn't like him taking all the credits.

Because the man who doesn’t spend time with his family can never be a real man.

5.我不喜欢我老婆/老公工作到很晚。

我的答案:I don't like my wife/husband working so late.

解析答案:I don’t like my wife/ husband working so late.

【句子分析】

内部关系:动作关系

句子成分:I(主) don’t like(谓) my wife/ husband working so late(动名词复合结构作宾语).

【对比分析】

我的答案:我 不喜欢 my wife/husband working so late(宾语)

【拓展内容】


6.诚实是上策。 

我的答案:Being honesty is the best policy.

解析答案:The best policy is being honest.

【句子分析】

内部关系:描述关系

句子成分:The best policy(主) is being honest(表).

【对比分析】

最好的策略 是 你要诚实。动名词being honest 比名词 honesty多了一层动词的属性,动作的意味更强。Honesty指诚实,这个品质。Being honest

有做人要诚实的意思。

【拓展内容】


7.她很后悔为他付出这么多。

我的答案:She regretted that she gave him a lot.

解析答案:She regretted having done so much for him.

【句子分析】

内部关系:动作关系

句子成分:She(主) regretted(谓) having done so much for him(宾语)

【对比分析】

Having done 动名词的完成时,表示动名词的动作先于regret。不是时态,时态是句子的配置要看谓语,

Have done  和 give

He has done so much for us.为某人做了很多事。

Give 是给某人一些东西。用have done 更贴切。

【拓展内容】

regret:①感到遗憾、惋惜、懊悔:~sth; ~ doing sth; ~what, how, etc...; ~ that...;②表示抱歉、痛惜或悲伤:~ sth; ~ that...; ~ to do sth; it is regretted that..

8.他太逗了,我憋不住乐。

我的答案:He is so funny that I can’t help laughing.

解析答案:He’s so funny that I can’t help laughing.

【句子分析】

内部关系:描述关系

句子成分:He(主) is(系) so funny(表) that I can’t help laughing(状语从句)

【对比分析】


So...that  结果状语从句。他太逗了以至于我憋不住乐。

【拓展内容】

定语从句 vs 宾语从句 vs 状语从句:作定语的从句,作为adj.修饰先行词;宾语从句:作宾语的从句,放在动词或介词后面;状语从句:作状语的从句,给主句增加信息量。

9.我是怕你喝太多酒。

我的答案:I’m afraid your drinking too much.

解析答案:I’m afraid of your/ you drinking too much.

【句子分析】

内部关系:描述关系

句子成分:I(主)am(系) afraid(表) of your/ you drinking too much (状;动名词复合结构作介词 of 的宾语)

          I(主)am(系) afraid of your/ you drinking too much(表语)

【对比分析】

afraid of 和 worry about

Afraid of :worried about what might happen 也有担心(会发生某事)的意思

She was afraid of upsetting her parents.

Worry about :to keep thinking about unpleasant things that might happen or about problems that you have 担心(可能会发生的问题)

所以应该都可以。

【拓展内容】

worry 担心:~about sb/sth; ~ over sb/sth; ~(that)

                使担心~ sb/yourself about sb/sth; sb/yourself +adj.(about sb/sth); it ~ sb that; it worries sb to do sth

                骚扰、烦扰:~ sb; ~ sb with sth

10.你介不介意我在这抽烟? 

我的答案:Would you mind my smoking here?

解析答案:Would you mind my/me smoking here?

    从句:Would you mind if I smoke here?

【句子分析】

内部关系:动作关系

句子成分:Would you(主) mind(谓) my/me smoking here(宾)?

【对比分析】

Mind me/my smoking  smoking不是宾补,可以接宾补的基本是使役动词let,have,命令order,发出指令的动词。

【拓展内容】

Afraid for sth/sb

I’m not afraid for me,but for the baby.

They had already fired three people and he was afraid for his job.


【收获与总结】

复盘很重要,动名词句子仍然不太熟,思维转不过来,还得多看多练多应用

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