用广度优先搜索解迷宫问题
定义一个二维数组：
int maze[5][5] = {
0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
};
它表示一个迷宫，其中的1表示墙壁，0表示可以走的路，只能横着走或竖着走，不能斜着走，要求编程序找出从左上角到右下角的路线。程序如下：
//By LYLtim
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
const char
Di[4] = {0,1,0,-1},
Dj[4] = {1,0,-1,0};
char maze[5][5] = {
2, 1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
head = 0, tail = 1;
struct {char i, j;} que[23];
void print_maze(void)
{
char i, j;
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < 5; j++)
printf("%hd ", maze[i][j]);
putchar('\n');
}
printf("*********\n");
}
int main(void)
{
while (head != tail) {
head = (head + 1) % 23;
char i;
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
char Ni = que[head].i + Di[i], Nj = que[head].j + Dj[i];
if (Ni >= 0 && Ni < 5 && Nj >= 0 && Nj < 5 && maze[Ni][Nj] == 0) {
que[tail = (tail + 1) % 23].i = Ni;
que[tail].j = Nj;
maze[Ni][Nj] = 2;
if (Ni == 4 && Nj == 4) {
printf("Have path.\n"); exit(0);
}
}
}
print_maze();
}
printf("No path.\n");
return 0;
}
运行结果如下：
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 2 0 0 0
2 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 2 2 0 0
2 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 2 2 0 0
2 1 1 1 0
2 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 0
2 1 1 1 0
2 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 0
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 0 1 0
*********
2 1 2 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 0 1 0
*********
2 1 2 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 2 1 0
*********
2 1 2 0 0
2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 2
2 2 2 1 0
*********
2 1 2 2 0
2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 2
2 2 2 1 0
*********
2 1 2 2 0
2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 2
2 2 2 1 0
*********
Have path.