一步一步学Remoting之六:事件

周末又过去了要上班了,一大早起来继续写。

概念就不说了,具体参见msdn相关章节:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/CHS/cpguide/html/cpconEvents.asp

我们先来改造一下上次的程序,为上次的主线程方法添加事件,能不断的引发事件来汇报处理的进度:
public   class  MyEventArgs
{
    
private   int  _rate;
    
    
public   int  Rate
    {
        
get
        {
            
return  _rate;
        }
    }

    
public  MyEventArgs( int  rate)
    {
        
this ._rate = rate;
    }
}

public   class  MyObject
{
    
public   delegate   void  MyEventHandler( object  sender,MyEventArgs e);
    
public   event  MyEventHandler MyEvent;

    
public   void  ALongTimeMethod( int  time)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(
" 主线程方法开始 " );
        
for ( int  i = 0 ;i < 100 ;i ++ )
        {
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(time);
            OnMyEvent(
new  MyEventArgs(i));
        }
        Console.WriteLine(
" 主线程方法结束 " );
    }

    
protected   void  OnMyEvent(MyEventArgs e)
    {
        
if  (MyEvent != null )
        {
            MyEvent(
this ,e);
        }
    }
}

再来为事件添加处理程序:

class  MyClient
{
    [STAThread]
    
static   void  Main( string [] args)
    {
        DateTime dt
= DateTime.Now;
        MyObject obj
= new  MyObject();
        obj.MyEvent
+= new  MyObject.MyEventHandler(obj_MyEvent);
        obj.ALongTimeMethod(
50 );
        Console.WriteLine(
" 用了 " + ((TimeSpan)(DateTime.Now - dt)).TotalSeconds + " " );
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    
public   static   void  obj_MyEvent( object  sender,MyEventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(
" 主线程方法完成了 " + e.Rate + " % " );
    } 
}

运行程序可以看到:
一步一步学Remoting之六:事件

这个是本地的,远程对象的事件也这么简单吗?其实没有想象的简单,因为对象是在远程的,服务端的事件客户端怎么捕捉?应该说远程对象的事件可以分成客户端触发-》服务器应答,服务端触发-》客户端应答和客户端触发-》客户端应答,第一种就很简单了,后面2种都需要有一个中间件。下面我们来要为程对象同样来添加一个进度机制,首先来建立我们的远程对象:

[Serializable]
    
public   class  MyEventArgs:EventArgs
    {
        
private   int  _rate;
        
private   string  _ip;

        
public   int  Rate
        {
            
get
            {
                
return  _rate;
            }
        }

        
public   string  IP
        {
            
get
            {
                
return  _ip;
            }
        }

        
public  MyEventArgs( int  rate, string  ip)
        {
            
this ._rate = rate;
            
this ._ip = ip;
        }
    }

    
public   class  MyObject:MarshalByRefObject
    {
        
public   delegate   void  MyEventHandler( object  sender,MyEventArgs e);
        
public   event  MyEventHandler MyEvent;

        
public   int  ALongTimeMethod( int  a, int  b, int  time, string  ip)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(
" 异步方法开始 " );
            
for ( int  i = 0 ;i < 10 ;i ++ )
            {
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(time);
                OnMyEvent(
new  MyEventArgs(i,ip));
            }
            Console.WriteLine(
" 异步方法结束 " );
            
return  a + b;
        }

        
protected   void  OnMyEvent(MyEventArgs e)
        {
            
if  (MyEvent != null )
            {
                MyEvent(
this ,e);
            }
        }
    }

为了调试方便,服务器端和客户端这次都用程序实现,下面是服务器端:
using  System;
using  System.Collections;
using  System.Runtime.Remoting;
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
using  System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters;

namespace  RemoteServer
{
    
class  MyServer
    {
        [STAThread]
        
static   void  Main( string [] args)
        {
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownServiceType(
typeof (RemoteObject.MyObject), " RemoteObject.MyObject " ,WellKnownObjectMode.Singleton);
            BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider 
=   new  BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider(); 
            BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider 
=   new  BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider(); 
            serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel 
=  TypeFilterLevel.Full; 
            IDictionary props 
=   new  Hashtable(); 
            props[
" port " ] = 9999
            TcpChannel channel 
=   new  TcpChannel(props,clientProvider,serverProvider); 
            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(channel); 
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

客户端为了简单一点,我去除了前面做测试的本地事件:
using  System;
using  System.Net;
using  System.Collections;
using  System.Text;
using  System.Runtime.Remoting;
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
using  System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters;

class  MyClient
{
    
private   delegate   int  MyDelegate( int  a, int  b, int  time, string  ip);
    
private   static  MyDelegate md;

    [STAThread]
    
static   void  Main( string [] args)
    {
        DateTime dt
= DateTime.Now;
        RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownClientType(
typeof (RemoteObject.MyObject),  " tcp://localhost:9999/RemoteObject.MyObject " );
        BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider 
=   new  BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider(); 
        BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider 
=   new  BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider(); 
        serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel 
=  TypeFilterLevel.Full; 
        IDictionary props
= new  Hashtable(); 
        props[
" port " ] = 0
        TcpChannel channel 
=   new  TcpChannel(props,clientProvider,serverProvider); 
        ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(channel); 
        RemoteObject.MyObject app
= new  RemoteObject.MyObject();
        app.MyEvent
+= new  RemoteObject.MyObject.MyEventHandler(MyEvent);
        md
= new  MyDelegate(app.ALongTimeMethod);
        AsyncCallback ac
= new  AsyncCallback(MyClient.CallBack);
        IPHostEntry ipHE
= Dns.GetHostByName(Dns.GetHostName());
        IAsyncResult Iar
= md.BeginInvoke( 1 , 2 , 300 ,ipHE.AddressList[ 0 ].ToString(),ac, null );
        Method();
        Console.WriteLine(
" 用了 " + ((TimeSpan)(DateTime.Now - dt)).TotalSeconds + " " );
        ChannelServices.UnregisterChannel(channel);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    
public   static   void  CallBack(IAsyncResult Iar)
    {
        
if (Iar.IsCompleted)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(
" 结果是 " + md.EndInvoke(Iar));
        }
    }

    
public   static   void  MyEvent( object  sender,RemoteObject.MyEventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(
" 来自 " + e.IP + " 的异步方法完成了 " + e.Rate * 10 + " % " );
    } 

    
public   static   void  Method()
    {
        Console.WriteLine(
" 主线程方法开始 " );
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(
5000 );
        Console.WriteLine(
" 主线程方法结束 " );
    }
}

代码看上去不错,可是debug启动后报错:
一步一步学Remoting之六:事件 
这就是我前面提到的问题,远程不可能有本地的程序集,也无法触发本地事件。解决办法就是加一个事件中间件,继承MarshalByRefObject:
public   class  EventClass:MarshalByRefObject
    {
        
public   void  MyEvent( object  sender,MyEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(
" 来自 " + e.IP + " 的异步方法完成了 " + e.Rate * 10 + " % " );
        } 
    }

然后来修改一下客户端:
把app.MyEvent+=new RemoteObject.MyObject.MyEventHandler(MyEvent);修改为
RemoteObject.EventClass ec = new  RemoteObject.EventClass();
        app.MyEvent
+= new  RemoteObject.MyObject.MyEventHandler(ec.MyEvent);

删除客户端的MyEvent静态方法。

运行一下程序:
一步一步学Remoting之六:事件

前后两个窗口本别是服务端和客户端的,貌似达到了我们的要求,其实不然,程序有2个漏洞:
1、客户端关闭以后打开新的程序就出错,因为以前的委托链丢失,服务端程序企图触发事件出错。
2、同时打开几个客户端,客户端收到的是所有的进度信息,而不仅仅是自己的,广播性质的消息。

到了午休的时间,抓紧时间继续写,上次说有2个遗留问题:
(1)关闭一个客户端以后会影响其他的客户端事件
原因:客户端没有取消事件订阅就关闭了,触发事件的时候找不到事件订阅者
解决:遍历委托链,找到异常的对象,从委托链中卸下
(2)服务器端对客户端广播,客户端能收到其他客户端的事件处理信息
原因:使用了Singleton模式,共享远程对象
解决:因为需要远程对象有状态且不共享实例,所以只有客户端激活可以选择

修改后的服务端:
using  System; 
using  System.Collections; 
using  System.Runtime.Remoting; 
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels; 
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp; 
using  System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters; 

namespace  RemoteServer 

    
class  MyServer 
    { 
        [STAThread] 
        
static   void  Main( string [] args) 
        { 
            RemotingConfiguration.ApplicationName
= " RemoteObject.MyObject " ;
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterActivatedServiceType(
typeof (RemoteObject.MyObject)); 
            BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider 
=   new  BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();  
            BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider 
=   new  BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();  
            serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel 
=  TypeFilterLevel.Full;  
            IDictionary props 
=   new  Hashtable();  
            props[
" port " ] = 8888 ;  
            TcpChannel channel 
=   new  TcpChannel(props,clientProvider,serverProvider);  
            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(channel);  
            Console.ReadLine(); 
        } 
    } 

修改后的远程对象:
using  System; 

namespace  RemoteObject 

    [Serializable] 
    
public   class  MyEventArgs:EventArgs 
    { 
        
private   int  _rate; 
        
private   string  _ip; 

        
public   int  Rate 
        { 
            
get  
            { 
                
return  _rate; 
            } 
        } 

        
public   string  IP 
        { 
            
get  
            { 
                
return  _ip; 
            } 
        } 

        
public  MyEventArgs( int  rate, string  ip) 
        { 
            
this ._rate = rate; 
            
this ._ip = ip; 
        } 
    } 

    
public   class  MyObject:MarshalByRefObject 
    { 
        
public   delegate   void  MyEventHandler( object  sender,MyEventArgs e); 
        
public   event  MyEventHandler MyEvent; 
        
public   string  tmp;

        
public   int  ALongTimeMethod( int  a, int  b, int  time, string  ip) 
        { 
            Console.WriteLine(
" 来自 " + ip + " 的异步方法开始 " ); 
            
for ( int  i = 1 ;i <= 10 ;i ++
            { 
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(time); 
                Console.WriteLine(
" 来自 " + ip + " 的异步方法完成了 " + i * 10 + " % " ); 
                OnMyEvent(
new  MyEventArgs(i,ip)); 
            } 
            Console.WriteLine(
" 来自 " + ip + " 的异步方法结束 " ); 
            
return  a + b; 
        } 

        
protected   void  OnMyEvent(MyEventArgs e) 
        { 
            
if  (MyEvent != null
            { 
                
foreach (Delegate d  in  MyEvent.GetInvocationList())
                {
                    
try
                    {
                        ((MyEventHandler)d)(
this ,e); 
                    }
                    
catch
                    {
                        MyEvent
-= (MyEventHandler)d;
                    }
                }
            } 
        } 
    } 

    
public   class  EventClass:MarshalByRefObject 
    { 
        
public   void  MyEvent( object  sender,MyEventArgs e) 
        {
            
if (((MyObject)sender).tmp == e.IP)
                Console.WriteLine(
" 异步方法完成了 " + e.Rate * 10 + " % " ); 
        }  
    } 


修改后的客户端:
using  System; 
using  System.Net; 
using  System.Collections; 
using  System.Text; 
using  System.Runtime.Remoting; 
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels; 
using  System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp; 
using  System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters; 

class  MyClient 

    
private   delegate   int  MyDelegate( int  a, int  b, int  time, string  ip); 
    
private   static  MyDelegate md; 
    
static  RemoteObject.MyObject app;
    
static  RemoteObject.EventClass ec;
    
static  DateTime dt;

    [STAThread] 
    
static   void  Main( string [] args) 
    { 
        dt
= DateTime.Now; 
        RemotingConfiguration.RegisterActivatedClientType(
typeof (RemoteObject.MyObject), " tcp://localhost:8888/RemoteObject.MyObject " );
        BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider 
=   new  BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();  
        BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider 
=   new  BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();  
        serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel 
=  TypeFilterLevel.Full;  
        IDictionary props
= new  Hashtable();  
        props[
" port " ] = 0 ;  
        TcpChannel channel 
=   new  TcpChannel(props,clientProvider,serverProvider);  
        ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(channel);  
        app
= new  RemoteObject.MyObject(); 
        ec
= new  RemoteObject.EventClass(); 
        app.MyEvent
+= new  RemoteObject.MyObject.MyEventHandler(ec.MyEvent); 
        md
= new  MyDelegate(app.ALongTimeMethod); 
        AsyncCallback ac
= new  AsyncCallback(MyClient.CallBack); 
        IPHostEntry ipHE
= Dns.GetHostByName(Dns.GetHostName()); 
        Random rnd
= new  Random(System.Environment.TickCount);
        
string  ip = ipHE.AddressList[ 0 ].ToString() + " ( " + rnd.Next( 100000000 ).ToString() + " ) " ;
        app.tmp
= ip;
        IAsyncResult Iar
= md.BeginInvoke( 1 , 2 , 500 ,ip,ac, null ); 
        Method(); 
        Console.WriteLine(
" 用了 " + ((TimeSpan)(DateTime.Now - dt)).TotalSeconds + " " ); 
        ChannelServices.UnregisterChannel(channel); 
        Console.ReadLine(); 
    } 

    
public   static   void  CallBack(IAsyncResult Iar) 
    { 
        
if (Iar.IsCompleted) 
        { 
            Console.WriteLine(
" 结果是 " + md.EndInvoke(Iar)); 
            app.MyEvent
-= new  RemoteObject.MyObject.MyEventHandler(ec.MyEvent); 
        } 
    }  

    
public   static   void  Method() 
    { 
        Console.WriteLine(
" 主线程方法开始 " ); 
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(
5000 ); 
        Console.WriteLine(
" 主线程方法结束 " ); 
    } 


之所以要在ip地址后面跟上随机数,是因为可能在一个机器上会打开多个客户端,需要在这个时候能在服务器端区分多个客户端。

一步一步学Remoting之六:事件

备注:我的所有例子都是在客户端和服务器端部署远程对象的,其实这个做法不是很好,我们应该仅仅把接口部署在两地,远程对象仅仅部署在服务器端即可。

 

 

TrackBack:http://www.cnblogs.com/lovecherry/archive/2005/05/23/160954.html

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